http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107034 Mon, 18 May 2026 20:36:02 GMT 2026-05-18T20:36:02Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168218 Election Technologies and Democratic Consolidation: A Case Study of Kenya, 2007-2022 Ogutu, Tonny O This study examines the impact of election technologies on Kenya’s democratic consolidation from 2007 to 2022. The study was guided by the following objectives: First, to assess the extent to which the legal framework governing election technologies has influenced democratic consolidation in Kenya. And second, to examine how the application of integrated election technologies has impacted democratic consolidation in Kenya. The study used qualitative methods, including interviews, to collect primary data. The primary data was triangulated with secondary data drawn from election reports to conduct the analysis. This study revealed that post-2010 legal frameworks have laid an important foundation for democratic consolidation by enhancing electoral integrity and institutional independence. However, their effectiveness remains limited in the absence of robust accountability mechanisms and sustained stakeholder engagement. The study also finds that while election technologies such as BVR, EVID, and RTS have improved transparency, accuracy, and efficiency in electoral processes, persistent challenges, including technical failures, legal ambiguities, and institutional weaknesses, continue to undermine their overall contribution to democratic consolidation in Kenya. With regards to recommendations, Kenya’s experience illustrates that reforms should first prioritize strengthening the IEBC’s independence, procurement transparency, accountability mechanisms, and stakeholder engagement. Specifically, the study recommends legal reforms to streamline procurement schedules, testing protocols, and data protection laws, alongside the establishment of an electoral technology oversight body. Operationally, it suggests continuous training for election officials, enhanced pre-election technology testing, targeted civic education, and strengthened cybersecurity measures. Additionally, it advocates for the integration of IEBC and national registration data to maintain a clean voter register and the expansion of electoral infrastructure in marginalized areas. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168218 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168217 The Interventions of Negotiated Democracy in Political Inclusion: A Case Study of Migori County Bondo, Denish A This research study addressed the dynamic paradigm of political inclusion in Migori County, a region characterized by high ethnic diversity and a history of political antagonism. The gap between the theoretical potential of negotiated democracy to create political inclusion and the actual practice of negotiated democracy in Migori County, where minority groups feel marginalized, constituted the research problem. The basis of this study was to assess the impact of negotiated democracy on enhancing political inclusion. To achieve this, mixed research design was applied to examine the three study objectives, including assessing the effects of corporatism, identifying the effects of consociationalism, and evaluating the effects of regimes of veto players on political inclusion in Migori County. The study employed a mixed-method design which incorporated quantitative data based on a survey, reinforced by qualitative data pegged on focus group discussions. The target population was the political leaders, community elders, civil society members, and citizens actively participating in the politics of Migori County. The results showed that negotiated democracy, especially through consociational and regimes of veto players practice, has influenced political inclusion, which, though has always been short-lived in every instance, has taken place, as evidenced by the power-sharing agreements during the 2013 general election. The study, however, revealed that the stability of such agreements over time is threatened by the lack of formal legalities and the superiority of majoritarian politics, resulting in a sense of exclusion among minority ethnic groups. In addition, the study recommends, formulation of legal framework and institutionalization of power sharing within the county for sustainability, frontrunner political party (ODM) to exercise the provision of direct nomination to candidates from minority communities to enhance their election, the civil society and interest groups to heighten civic education and need for compromise to realize political inclusion, and the researchers to undertake further study on the possible modalities of establishing legal framework and institutionalization of negotiated democracy within the county for longevity and sustainability Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168217 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168211 Uforensiki Katika Najisikia Kuua Tena Musiori, Nyagetiria J Utafiti huu unashughulikia uforensiki katika Najisikia Kuua Tena (1984). Riwaya hii iliteuliwa kimakusudi ili kupata data toshelevu iliyoweza kufanikisha malengo ya utafiti huu. Data ya kimsingi ya utafiti ilitokana na uchanganuzi wa vifaa, mbinu na mikakati mbalimbali ya wahusika katika upelelezi wa matukio ya kihalifu katika riwaya teule. Matukio ya uhalifu yalichunguzwa kwa kina huku vifaa vilivyotumika kutekeleza shughuli ya uhalifu na vilivyotumika kwa upelelezi ili kuwabaini washukiwa vikiangaziwa. Utafiti huu ulitekelezwa katika misingi ya Nadharia ya Chembechembe za Ushahidi iliyoasisiwa na Edmond Locard (1920) na baadaye kuendelezwa na David Holdings (2020). Nadharia hii ilituongoza kutambua jinsi chembechembe za ushahidi zinazopatikana katika eneo la uhalifu zinavyoweza kuwa amana kubwa katika kupeleleza na kuwakamata wahalifu, na vile vile mwelekeo wa kiuchunguzi unaopaswa kuzingatiwa. Lengo la kwanza la utafiti huu lilihusu kuchunguza uhalifu unavyodhihirika katika riwaya teule. Ilibainika kuwa yapo matukio mengi ya kiuhalifu yaliyofungamana na sehemu, nyakati, sababu na wahusika wa matukio hayo. Lengo la pili lilikuwa kubaini vifaa vilivyotumika katika uhalifu. Vifaa hivi kama alivyoeleza Locard (1920) na Holdings (2020) vilikuwa ithibati tosha ya matukio ya kiuhalifu. Lengo la tatu basi likawa kuvichunguza vifaa na mbinu za kiupelelezi kutegemea mtagusano wa wahalifu na mahali na vifaa vilivyotumika katika kufanikisha kukamatwa kwao. Ilibainika kuwa kwa kiwango kikubwa, maendeleo ya sayansi na teknolojia ya habari na mawasiliano yalifanikisha kuwakamata wahalifu. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168211 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168201 Print Media Framing of Ministry of Health Covid-19 Press Conferences in Kenya Gituthu, Anna R This study examines the framing of COVID-19 press conferences conducted by the Ministry of Health in Kenya, as represented in two newspapers, The Standard and Daily Nation, during a crucial period from March 1, 2020, to March 30, 2021. This study seeks to identify the types of frames utilized by the two newspapers, compare their framing strategies, and analyze the meanings conveyed through these frames. Using a content analysis methodology, the study systematically examines 60 newspaper editions, 30 from each publication, focusing on articles that specifically reported on the Ministry of Health's COVID-19 press briefings. Key variables such as story treatment, thematic emphasis, framing techniques, and the language used were meticulously analyzed to assess how these elements contribute to public discourse surrounding the pandemic. The findings revealed that both newspapers employed a diverse range of frames, including health crisis framing, policy response framing, and human interest framing. However, notable differences emerged in their emphasis on particular themes, with The Standard focusing more on human-interest narratives that highlight personal stories of resilience, while Daily Nation tended to concentrate on government responses and policy implications. The analysis also delves into the implications of these framing choices, highlighting how they shaped public perceptions and influenced the audience's understanding of the government's actions in response to the pandemic. Furthermore, the study underscores the significance of media framing in constructing narratives around public health issues, emphasizing the potential of media coverage to either reinforce or challenge societal norms and beliefs during crises.The research presents several recommendations aimed at improving the quality of health reporting. These include the need for enhanced media training programs to foster critical thinking among journalists, the promotion of balanced and comprehensive coverage that accurately reflects diverse perspectives, the importance of combating misinformation through fact-checking, and the necessity of strengthening public health communication strategies that engage and inform the public effectively. This study contributes to the existing literature on media framing, public health communication, and the role of journalism during health crises, offering valuable insights for media practitioners, policymakers, and researchers alike. By understanding the dynamics of media framing, stakeholders can better navigate the challenges posed by misinformation and enhance the effectiveness of public health messaging in future crises. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168201 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z