http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/107041 Mon, 18 May 2026 20:36:12 GMT 2026-05-18T20:36:12Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168160 Couples Educational Pairing and Fertilty Decline in Kenya: Analysis of Decomposed Cohort Fertility Rates Hapicha, Alinoor H Kenya’s fertility rate has declined from 8.0 in 1979 to 3.4 in 2019. This fertility decline has been explained by multiple socioeconomic transformation that has occurred over the same period of time. Education has played a significant role in this fertility decline. This research project estimates Cohort Fertility Rates for women in union between the 2009 and 2019 intercensal period. The Cohort Fertility Rates are estimated by different combination of women’s and men’s level of education and a determination is made to establish what proportions of decline in CFR due to education are explained by changes in couples educational pairing. The study also establishes trends in assortative mating profiles during the intercensal period of 2009 to 2019. The study decomposes the differences in CFRs between younger and older cohorts using Das Gupta’ decomposition of two rates. This method separates the changes in CFR due to composition of educational pairing and rate effects. The study found that overall CFR during the intercensal period dropped by 0.5 amongst couples in union whose women were of reproductive age. In the low education category for couples the CFR dropped at a slightly higher rate of 0.6 women. The medium and high education categories for these couples recorded a drop in CFR of 0.05 and 0.7 respectively. Analysis by age cohorts show that CFR amongst couples in union amongst whom the women are aged 15-49 rose by a rate of 0.3 contrary to overall decline recorded in other age groups. The study concludes that changes in composition of educational pairing explain about 75% of the CFR decline attributed to changes in education. The study makes a contribution to demographic studies in employing alternative methodologies of assessing couples’ educational attainments contribution to fertility decline using census data in Kenya. Mon, 01 Jan 2024 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/168160 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/166509 Effects of Economic Development on Fertility in Kenya Ligulu, Maurice O The purpose of this research project was to study empirically the effects of economic development on fertility in Kenya. This was necessitated by the fact that Kenya’s economy has been improving and the country recently was classified as middle lower income nation. Improvement in economy was coming at the backdrop of declining fertility rates in the country that was once considered to possess the highest fertility rates globally in the mid-1980s. Despite the changes that had taken place and the availability of quality data from census, no study had been done at the macro level to establish the effects of changes in Kenya’s economy as a determinant of fertility rates as has been done in developed countries. The study used demographic transition theory while applying threshold regression analysis to examine the relationship. The result confirmed the findings of other studies that economic development is a significant factor in fertility changes and that counties that were experiencing better economic performance had statistically significant lower TFR as opposed to counties that had lower CGDP. Economic development was however, more significant in low income counties than in higher income counties suggesting that at high income levels, other issues such as access to information becomes relevant in determining fertility rates. The study found out that in both low and high-income counties, CGDP had an inhibiting effect on total fertility rates even though the effects were more in counties with low income than in high income counties. Exposure to mass media was also found to have a negative effect on fertility. It was then concluded that economic development had a negative and significant effect on fertility in Kenya thus it was recommended that economic development programmes meant to improve county gross domestic product be enhanced as well as exposure to mass media. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/166509 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/165406 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONE STOP BORDER POST CONCEPT ON BORDER MANAGEMENT IN KENYA A CASE OF NAMANGA BORDER POST RODAH KIPTUM JEPKOSGEI This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of OSBP concept on border management in Kenya. The specific objectives of the study were to assess whether one stop border posts have enhanced efficient clearance of people and goods, to evaluate if OSBP improved interagency coordination among state MDAs in Kenya, and to ascertain whether OSBPs enhanced cross border interagency coordination. The researcher used both primary and secondary data. Primary data were gathered through both open-ended and closed-ended questionnaires emailed to the respondents while secondary data were gathered from documents such as books, reports and online data on Namanga one stop border post. Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS version 24.0) was used to analyze the data collected. Differences and similarities were summarized to establish trends, patterns and information from the data collected so as to answer the research objectives. On the effectiveness in clearance of goods and services, the study found that it took less than one hour to clear special goods and between one hour and three hours to clear other goods. The study found that there was an improvement since it took almost four hours to clear special goods before upgrading to the OSBP concept while it took more than a day to clear other goods. The study found that there has been improvement in the clearance of both people and goods through the principle of extraterritoriality people and goods only made one stop while crossing the border. This has enhanced efficiency in the movement of people and goods. The study found that there has been improvement on inter-agency coordination. Such improvement was noted in terms of sharing information among government agencies within Kenya and between Kenyan and Tanzanian government agencies as well as in coordinated operation. For policy, the study recommends that the management of the one stop border facilities required high level involvement of all the public and private stakeholders. This will result to more opinions on how to craft and implement the strategy. Involving all players in the implementation and consultations would result in more support, exchange of ideas and informed decisions. The study limitations were that some of the respondents did not return the questionnaires. Tracing them proved futile since they were working in shifts which had been disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, limitation of the study was related to the fact that the study was based at Namanga and this makes the findings ungeneralizable to other OSBPs in Kenya. Based on the study findings, the researcher recommends that a replica study be done in other OSBPs to find out the similarities or differences in the effectiveness of the OSBP concept on border management in those borders. Wed, 01 Jan 2020 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/165406 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/164999 Factors Influencing Use of Modern Contraceptives by Young Women in Kenya: Multilevel Analysis of 2014 KDHS Data Kiprotich, Bernard This study examined factor’s influencing modern contraception among women age 15-24 years in Kenya. This study sought to identify demographic, socio-cultural, socio-economic, and intervening factors influencing contraception among the target population. Furthermore, it also established the effect of these factors at community level. Data for the analysis was drawn from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey. The sample size for the study was limited to the 6,467 young women not pregnant during the time of survey, and those who reported to have ever had sex. Desriptive Statistics and Multi level Logistic regression were main methods of data analysis. Bivariate analysis involved cross-tabulation, and assessment of statistical significance using the Pearson's Chi-square. In addition, four models were fitted using three-level mixed effect multi-level binary logistic regression. Models were tested for goodness of fit using log-likelihood ratios (LLR) and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC) at a 95% confidence interval (CI). The results from the bivariate analysis demonstrated significant correlations between modern contraceptive use by Kenyan women age 15 to 24 years, and a range of factors. These factors included; educational attainment, status of employment, place of residence, age, marital status, knowledge of modern contraceptive methods, number of children alive, wealth status, mass media exposure through television, radio, and newspapers, as well as the extent of media exposure within their communities. The results of the multilevel regression showed that there were differences in Kenyan young women's uptake of modern contraceptive methods at the county and community levels. These variations were more pronounced at county level than at the community level. The study concludes that use of modern contraceptives among young women in Kenya is still low and recommends that family planning messages should be widely disseminated through the media in order to increase young women's awareness of and knowledge about using contraceptives. This strategy is essential for resolving the variations (at community and county level) observed in use of modern contraceptive methods among young women in Kenya. Sun, 01 Jan 2023 00:00:00 GMT http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke/handle/11295/164999 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z