Challenges Facing the Prevention of Violent Extremism in Refugee Camps in Africa: a Focused Comparison of Eastern Africa and Sahel Regions Experiences

Abstract

Violent extremism denotes to the behaviors and beliefs of individuals who support or apply the ideological inspired violence to accomplish radical political or religious perceptions. The view of violent extremism can be demonstrated along a variety of issues, comprising gender associations and politics. It has progressively become an international risk of security, which is undermining global security and peace. Some of the leading groups among them being Al Shabaab, Al Qaeda, the Levant and the alleged Iraq Islamic State. This study intends to determine the reason behind the prevalence of violence extremism and terrorism in Sahel’s and East African refugee camps. Using the hypothesis that terrorism is a major security threat in East Africa, and that the countries involved have difficulty in combating the vice, the research uses interviews, observation, and questionnaire on a sample population of about 150-200 individuals in Dadaab Camp. The findings indicated that the reasons for the prevalence of violence in East Africa and Sahel region were financial challenges, insecurity, and political instability, weak border management, under-development, operational problems, fragile economies, security and the rule of law, and ethnic division