Evaluation of a Portable Blood Lead Analyzer as an Alternative to Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate LeadCare II analyzer, a portable electro-analytical instrument used to rapidly analyze blood lead levels (BLL) in children, and compare it to gold standard, graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) Methodology and results: Twenty two (22) duplicate fresh capillary blood samples were tested using both LeadCare II kits and GFAAS. There was a strong, positive correlation (r = 0.787, r2 = 0.62) between the BLL determined by LeadCare II and GFAAS. In this study, LeadCare II analyzer scored 57% sensitivity, 80% specificity and positive predictive value (PPV) of 0.8. However, its predictive value depends on prevalence of disease and the number of individuals. Conclusion and application of findings: LeadCare II offers an opportunity to cost effectively screen for childhood lead poisoning in Kenya. Deployment and use of this technology could improve patient care by providing instant results. During a visit to a health centre, lead levels can be determined and treatment initiated immediately where necessary.