Burden of HIV-Related Stigma and Post-Partum Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients Attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi.
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Date
2021Author
Yator, Obadia
Mathai, Muthoni
Albert, Tele
Kumar, Manasi
Type
ArticleLanguage
enMetadata
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Background: We look at how various HIV-related stigma subtypes, especially
internalizing types, interact with postpartum depression (PPD) among women living with
HIV. Additionally, we identify key psychosocial risk factors that influence stigma and PPD
among women attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission (PMTCT) clinics.
Methods: In this cross-sectional design, 123 women living with HIV were recruited.
Participants ages between 18 and 50, who were at least 8 weeks postpartum seeking
PMTCT services at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), between June and September
2014 participated in the study. HIV/AIDS Stigma Instrument—PLWHA (HASI–P) was
used to assesses stigma and Postpartum depression was assessed by Edinburgh
Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Bivariate and multivariate regression models were
used to determine the individual characteristics associated with the HIV-related stigma
Scale. Post survey a few in-depth-interviews were conducted to explore individuals’
stigma and depression experiences.
Results: The mean age was 31.2 years (SD = 5.2). Fifty-nine (48%) women
screened positive for significant depressive symptoms. Post-partum depression was
a significant predictor of internalized stigma, enacted, and total stigma (P < 0.05).
Older age was associated with less internalized stigma. Living with a partner was
associated with more internalized stigma. Having an income above 100 USD per
month was protective against stigma. Having good family social support was protective
against internalized stigma. A higher educational level was protective against enacted
stigma. Being treated for STIs was a risk factor for both enacted and overall stigma.
Conclusions: HIV-related stigma needs to be addressed through integrated mental
health care programs in PMTCT. Postpartum depression requires comprehensive
management to improve short- and long-term outcomes of women living
with HIV.
Citation
Yator O, Mathai M, Albert T and Kumar M (2021) Burden of HIV-Related Stigma and Post-Partum Depression: A Cross-Sectional Study of Patients Attending Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital in Nairobi. Front. Psychiatry 11:532557. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.532557Publisher
University of Nairobi
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 United StatesUsage Rights
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/us/Collections
- Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS) [10385]
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