Investigating Factors Leading to Unplanned Suburbanization: a Case Study of Ruai, Nairobi

Abstract

Suburbanization is the effect of disproportional expansion of cities to accommodate increasing functions and populations due to push and pull factors. Suburbanization fosters complexities however, given its haphazard development. The overall objective of this study therefore is to evaluate the causes, challenges and mitigation measures of suburbanization, with a focus on Ruai in Nairobi. To achieve this, descriptive and correlational research designs were used. In-depth literature review was combined with primary data through field surveys, observation checklists, and questionnaire administration and key informant interviews supported this further. Analysis reveals factors of growth of Ruai include economic opportunities, relative affordability of land and property plus infrastructural advancements. Resulting challenges were found to include disjointed urban character and uncontrolled development; land fragmentation; and environmental impacts. Mitigation measures recommended are self-organization by suburban residents, active engagement in suburban improvement through suburban associations; inclusion in city planning and management frameworks to establish integrated urban plan mapping of suburban development; and self-governance.