To Assess the Successes of Igad in Conflict Resolution in the Horn of Africa: Case Study of Somalia

Abstract

The civil war experienced in Somalia has lasted over twenty-five years. Since 1991, the ruling government of Said Barre was overthrown by one of the leading militia clans. This resulted to the failure of state institutions due to poor coordination by the militia group on the post Said `Barre era. As a result, Somalia was ruled by several militias from various clans, who divided the country up according to their strength, and at times contested territory with competing militias and warlords. The dynamics nature in conflict needs to be more understood, for more knowledge on this so that wars can better be dealt with, thus the use of diversified approach for conflict resolution. Conflict management has mostly been done from reactionary perspectives rather than proactive perspective, by getting to understand the primary source and avenging factors to make sure there is the use of actual resolutions than the management. However, the IGAD's attempts have run into a number of impediments. Overreliance on foreign aid due to member countries' failure to meet their financial contribution obligations. The IGAD member nations will be required to eliminate all difficulties, which will necessitate coordination, long-term partnerships, and dedication on their part in efficient conflict resolution. IGAD should continue to work and support closely with the Somali government to strengthen its activities and institutions to ensure peace resolutions arrived at are implemented and enforced through domestic channels and institutions regardless of change in governance or leaders of the present government