Perceived Influence of Family Dysfunction on Juvenile Offending - a Qualitative Research Study Conducted at Ngong Probation Office, Kajiado County – Kenya

Abstract

Background: Families play an important role in the developement of children and youths. Currently, the rate at which juveniles are getting involved in crime related activities with no respect for law and order is on the rise. According to various studies, there is a general trend among juveniles to participate in at-risk behaviours especially when the family doesn’t provide security, support and guidance for their physical, psychological, moral, social and even spiritua l development. There is little literature showing the relationship between family dysfunction and juvenile offending behavior especially in the Kenyan context. Objective: The main objective of this study was to explore the perceived influence of family dysfunctions on juvenile offending behavior at Ngong Probation Office. Methodology: The research employed a phenomenological study design using qualitative methods of collecting data that is one-on- one in-depth interview and focus group discussions. Target population were juvenile offenders with their caregivers and probation officers serving as key informants. The sample population of 31 respondents was obtained on theoretical saturation through purposively sampling procedure. Data collected was analysed, through Nvivo version 10 qualitative data analysis software. Results: Results from the data analysed identified 6 main themes in relation to perceived influence of family dysfunction and juvenile offending: parenting styles, substance use by the parents, domestic violence, single parenting, emotional and physical abuse and lastly family history of offending. Other factors associated with juvenile offending were: poverty, peer pressure, idleness and presence of mental illness. Guidance and counseling to juveniles was highly suggested as one of the preventive measures. Conclusions and Recommendation: From the findings the researcher concluded that family dysfunctions are perceived to have an impact towards juvenile offending behaviours. Various factors within the family environment can contribute to juveniles’ involvement with crime and other factors outside the family play a role as well. The researcher recommends that various social systems need to undertake the role of sensitizing the public on the relationship between family dysfunctions and juvenile outcomes