Diplomacy in Conflict Management: Failures of the United Nations in Somalia, 1992-2010

Abstract

This study sought to investigate the reasons why the numerous interventions in Somalia between 1992 and 2010 never bore any meaningful fruits. It deliberately picks on the United Nations for criticism. This was informed by the fact that it is the UN, under Chapter VII of the UN Charter that has the primary responsibility of maintaining international peace and security. The UN was also picked for criticism because it has led, either directly or indirectly, all the interventions in Somalia during the period under review. To achieve this, the study reviewed conflict situations in the world and narrowed down to explain the historical background of the Somalia civil war.

It then looks at how the Somalia internal conflict was internationalised and then discusses the effects of such internationalisation. The study then proceeds to critically analyse the various diplomatic strategies used in Somalia between 1992 and 2010 and takes a swipe at the UN for its failure to decisively put in place concrete measures that can end the Somalia conflict.

While it is worth noting that it would require the efforts of all and sundry, including the Somalia population, the international community, states and non-state actors, to completely and successfully fix the Somalia problem, the lead role of the UN would be important in ensuring that these efforts succeed. That is why it would be important if the UN could take into consideration the recommendations made at the end of this study in dealing with the Somalia crisis.

The study concludes that the UN has not put its best foot forward in dealing with the S-omalia problem. At best, its efforts have been minimal and slow. In terms of future reviews, it is hoped that this study would be useful in terms of informing future studies on the subject matter. Further review and/or criticisms of this study will be highly welcome.