A critical analysis of the role of mutual resource-sharing in conflict management: a case study of Kenya-Ethiopia boarder (2000-2009)

Abstract

This study has investigated conflict issues on Kenya/Ethiopia border from 2000 to 2009. Conflicts, their causes, nature and mechanisms .for management have been discussed. Transboundary resources as well as resources available on either side of the border have been elaborated and ways in which they can be used and managed for mutual benefits of the two people and as a way of conflict management has been discussed. Successful case studies of shared transboundary resources for conflict management and principles of international law regarding utilization of shared resources have also been discussed. The study utilized both primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through interview schedules and questionnaires carried out through Ministries of Water and Irrigation, Northern Development and other Arid Lands, and Roads. Government's institutions such as NEMA and Secretariat of the National Security Council were also interviewed and from local communities on either side of the border as well as from Ethiopian Embassy in Nairobi. The study established that conflict along the common border emanate from competition for water and pastures for animals, primitive cultural practices, porous border which allows proliferation of small arms and light weapons and political incitements. Further, the study established that the conflicts are manageable through mechanisms such as educating locals majority of whom are illiterate, development of infrastructure such as roads, schools and hospitals and watering systems, providing a supplement to pastoral way of live such as irrigation farming and good political leadership.