Managing the Somali Conflict: Peace Processes Vs. Power Sharing Agreements, 1999-2004

Abstract

This study on managing the Somali conflict is based on the available body of knowledge about the nature of conflict and the outcome of the various negotiations. Somalia has experienced constant instability and conflict for more than two decades now. Over fifteen major conferences were initiated to manage and resolve this conflict. The result of the conflict management processes suggests two components in either genuine peace processes or mere power sharing arrangements. The study also delved into emerging issues which motivated the outcome of the conflict management processes. A broad objective of this study was to investigate the processes involved in managing the Somali conflict and its outcome. This study aims to fill a gap in the literature by pointing onto some elements which have previously been overlooked in existing research, especially the impact of the war economy, internal and external actors, mediation styles, power sharing arrangements and level of representation as determinants of the conflict management processes. A theoretical framework of relevant theories, of conflict studies was conceptualized through two case studies. The research method used was analytical and qualitative. It also utilized the literature available in the field of conflict management. The sources were both primary and secondary. Some key findings established in this study was the fact that several emerging factors have instigated societal friction, which eventually acted as a basis of influencing any major peace process. Primary root causes of conflict in Somalia and subsequent outcome of the management processes were due to bad leadership, manipulation and politicization of clan identities.