Operations Strategies, Quality Management Practices and Competitiveness of Kenyan Engineering Firms

Abstract

Operations strategies and Quality Management Practices (QMPs) are essential for enhancing the competitiveness of organizations and firms. This study looked into how these elements contribute to efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and customer satisfaction, and ultimately competitiveness of Kenyan engineering firms. By focusing on operations strategies and QMPs in engineering firms, the study sought to understand how these firms streamline their processes and improve their productivity and service delivery amidst complex project requirements and regulatory standards. The objectives of this study were to analyse the operations strategies used by Kenyan engineering firms in the provision of their products and services, evaluate QMPs in these firms, and assess how these factors impact their competitiveness. Theoretical perspectives such as Quality Improvement Theory (QIT), Theory of Constraints (ToC), Resource-Based View (RBV) theory, and contingency theory guided this study. The study targeted 1,397 engineering consulting firms registered with the Engineers Board of Kenya (EBK) and engineering contracting firms registered under National Construction Authority (NCA) class NCA 1. The study utilized a total sample size of 310 of these firms. Descriptive and inferential analyses were employed to derive insights and recommendations. From the study findings, the correlation analysis indicated a moderate positive relationship between competitiveness and operations strategies (r = 0.358) and low correlation between competitiveness and QMPs (r = 0.350), suggesting that both factors are positively associated with increased competitiveness among engineering firms. Both predictors were statistically significant, with p-values of 0.039 and 0.033, respectively confirming their substantial impact on competitiveness. Additionally, the interaction between operations strategies and QMPs significantly affected competitiveness (p < 0.008). To enhance competitiveness, engineering firms should refine their operations strategies and align them with business objectives to improve efficiency and adaptability, while also investing in process optimization and adopting industry best practices. Further, firms should strengthen their QMPs by implementing robust training programmes, fostering a quality-focused culture, and integrating feedback mechanisms to maintain high standards and drive continuous improvement.