A discourse analysis of the talk of the mentally retarded: A case study of Jacaranda Special School

Abstract

This study is an investigation of “the discourse in the talk of the mentally retarded”. It specifically determines discourse structure 1n the talk of the mentally retarded"It

specifically examines discourse structure features and the surface level features in sentences. This is with the aim of identifying recurrent patterns of discourse organization of the mentally retarded.

This study observes that the MR have notions of structure to organise their conversations. These notions are however realised in deviant forms in conversations due to the mental retardation of the speakers. These deviant forms are an approximation of the norm which is used by normal people.

In the analysis of the discourse feature two specific dimensions of discourse organization have a prominent role. These are the simplicity-complexity dimension and the variety of particular structures used in the discourse of the mentally retarded.

The use of these dimension points out general

abilities in discourse organisation. The mentally retarded have inadequacies in organising complex structures. They cannot also adequately apply conventional norms of interaction nor use discourse that requires creativity. Finally they have an inadequate knowledge of content hence

cannot be fully involved in comprehensive and meaningful

The study has revealed that the discourse structure of the mentally retarded is organised differently from the norm. However this deviance has been observed to be an approximation of the norm but not a radical departure from