Socio-economics causes of food scarcity in semi-arid areas: the case of Kibauni Location (Machakos)

Abstract

This study investigates some of the social and economic factors that precipitate food shortages in semi-arid areas - the case of Kibauni location, Machakos district.

The study is based on the assumption that social and economic factors in harmony with others influence the occurrence of food scarcity in semi-arid areas. They do this by hindering adequate production of food for subsistence consumption.

A sample of 147 respondents, randomly drawn from a sample frame of 800 households was interviewed. Supplementary data was gathered through case studies of 5 people while additional information was acquired from agricultural offices and research stations.

Interview schedules were employed as the main research instruments. However, unstructured interviews were administered to the 5 key informants (Village elders). Field notes were taken dur~ng the research and some have been used in this work.

The study found out that the major socio-economic factors that caused food scarcity in this area were inadequate male participation in food production activities, dependence on food as a source of income, communal land

ownership and restricted child participation in food production. (i) It was further found out that food shortages in semi-arid area is also influenced by inadequate draught power and

farm equipment, and the performance of such as the farmers I

interference of farm activities by household chores. However, factors marital status, educational level

and traditional beliefs and practices pertaining to food production and consumption did not have a significant influence on food shortages.

It was concluded that there is dire need to intervene and reduce the impact of those socio-economic factors which interfere with food production and sufficiency in this area. It was recommended that selling of subsistence food should be discouraged, boost the cultivation of cash crops and encourage more male participation in all food production activities.

To ensure the realisation of these recommendations, agricultural officers should _be deployed to such areas. Administration officers should be sensitised to assist in ways which will improve food production and consumption in semi-arid areas.