An inquiry into the termination of human life

Abstract

Although termination of human life (including euthanasia) is a source of major debates in ethics, a critical examination of the views advanced as regards life in these debates is lacking. A keen scrutiny, for example, at the euthanasia debate reveals that there is the principle of preserving life and that human life is special, unique, precious and/or sacred. Questions that need a thorough consideration emerge. is the principle of preserving life an overriding one as far as terminating human life is concerned? And, is human life special, unique or sacred? If yes, are these qualities so strong as to impede all forms of terminating life, euthanasia included? These questions are addressed by critically examining and evaluating the views advanced in the debate on euthanasia, and critically examining the concept human life and its termination in the religious world (Christianity)' traditional world (ldakho) and contemporary world, as represented by the scientific and philosophic views. The argument is that terminating human life can be justifiable and defensible. It is found that human life is indeed special compared to those of animals and plants hence the principle of preserving it. It is however argued that this principle and the high value attached to human life are both superseded by other principles and considerations that favour or justify terminating human life, for example state security, retribution, prestige and utilitarian considerations. Hence, just as some principles are used to justify other forms of terminating human life, so can the same be done on euthanasia. And in this work it is found that euthanasia is justifiable on the grounds of utilitarianism. It would therefore be illogical to argue that euthanasia is bad because it involves terminating a life that is special and unique, and that it violates the principle of preserving life.