National interests as a constraint to regional integration: a case study of Kenya in the East African community

Abstract

This study takes cognizance of the fact that regional integration is a necessity and not a choice for the survival of East Africa's small national economies in the contemporary globalization era. It argues that the convergence of national interests of the East African countries led to the formation of the defunct EAC (1966-1977) but countries also have divergent interests which are pursued concurrently; this led to the collapse of EAC (1977). It traces historical efforts at integrating East Africa since pre-colonial times to the revival of the new EAC, explaining the changing nature of socio and economic relations. A general look at national interests of Partner States in EAC, and a specific look at Kenya's national interests in EAC show that these interests constrain the EAC's integration process in various ways. This study further argues that Kenya's pursuit of her national interests constrain the integration process. The study also looks at how the EAC treaty (1999) addresses the issue of national interests. In the renewed effort toward integration in EAC, emphasis ought to be laid on the national interests of the Partner States; the diverse national interests should be harmonized with the community's interests. The regional policies should therefore integrate the diverse national interests of the Partner States for an effective and successful EAC integration. The treaty (1999) has not clearly dealt with the issue of national interests and a review of the treaty is therefore necessary.