Conflict in cooperation and its impact on regional peace and security for the East African Community

Abstract

Quite a number of studies have been carried out in regard to Lake Victoria. They range from the ecological aspects fishing, fish population distribution, and water hyacinth menace - to other aspects such as the uses (and perceived misuses) of the resources thereof. A number of these studies have also explored the conflict in the lake, in relation to the riparian states. However, since the re- integration of the East African countries to form the East African Community (EAC), it becomes necessary to assess the conflict afresh. The objectives of this study are to: show how various background factors in each member state contribute to conflict or co-operation in inter-state relations in regard to Lake Victoria fishing industry; access the history and the role of the EAC and its efforts in addressing the peace and security issues with regard to Lake Victoria fisheries; and offer recommendations to the EAC on the same. What clearly emerges in this study is that there are a combination of factors (read intervening variables) that explain the experiences and challenges affecting maintenance of peace and security in the East African region. Needless to emphasize, efficient and effective environmental management and conservation occupy a central place in social, political and economic interactions and development of the Lake Victoria basin. To maximize the policy utilitarian value of this study, we have captured important dynamics and explanations of peace and security, clearly distinguishing them into three categories, so as to enable better understanding of aspects and gaps towards achieving peace and security. An analysis giving a variety of possible interventions by the EAC has been offered. The study explores the gaps in the Community's efforts in nurturing peace while proposing possible stopgaps. Against these initiatives, the study acknowledges the efforts of the Community and its interests and offers possible recommendations and conclusions based along the study hypotheses. It also points out to other emerging threats to peace and security in the Lake Victoria basin.