The Prevalence of Nosocomial Urinary Tract Infections in patients with indwelling urinary catheters at Kenyatta National Hospital

Abstract

ABSTRACT Urinary tract infection IS one of the most common forms of nosocomial infection in patients and urinary catheterization is the most frequent predisposing factor. These infections cause considerable morbidity and mortality and confer a great financial burden on the medical care system. This study was performed to determine the incidence of catheter-associated bacteriuria, to isolate the etiologic organisms, and to assess their sensitivity most frequently prescribed antibiotics. Methods Two urinary specimens were taken from the catheters of 80 patients admitted at Kenyatta National hospital general wards and special units who carried an indwelling urinary catheter for a duration of > 12 hours. The first specimen was taken at the time of catheterization and the second was taken after 72 hours. Results Of 80 patients, 16 (:20%) had a positive culture from which six' different strains were isolated. 37.5% of the strains belonged to Escherichia coli. All of these strains were sensitive to Meropenarn and Tazopiperacillin. The sensitivity to commonly used antibiotics like Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin was poor at cJ.3.8% and 37.5% respectively. Most of the organisms isolated were moderately sensitive to Augmentin (62.5%). Cefuroxirne (68.8%), Nalidixic acid (56.3%). Amikacin (56.3%). Nitrofurantoin (50%). and Ceftazidirne (68.8%) Conclusion from this study it is appropriate to conclude that the prevalence rate at KNH is high at 20% and that the commonest Catheter associated urinary tract infections (CAUTI) nosocomial microorganisms are enteric bacteria including E coli and Klebsiella pneumontae. Most organisms isolated show considerable resistance to the commonly used antibiotics including Gentamicin. Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone and that Tazopiperacillin and Meropenern seem to be the most effective antibiotics for Nosocomial CAUTI