Posterior capsular opacification at Lions Sight First Eye Hospital

Abstract

Objective: To determine the factors associated with posterior capsular opacification (PC0) at Lions Sight First Eye Hospital (LSFEH). Design: Case control study Setting: Lions Sight First Eye Hospital Subjects: 130 patients who underwent cataract surgery in LSFEH meeting the inclusion criteria: 65 cases and 65 controls. The cases were the patients who had posterior capsular opacification, diagnosed using a slit lamp, and who required capsulotomy. The controls were patients who did not develop posterior capsular opacification two years post cataract surgery. Data collection: Data was collected using questionnaires and analysed using SPSS version 11.5. Results: The ratio of males: female was 1:1.32. The mean age of the cases was 57.4 years as compared to the controls of 64.0 years, which was statistically significant(p<0.017). AcrySof ® lens had PCO rate of 20(33.3%), which was lower than Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) lens of 45(64.3%) (p<0.001). All the 10 patients with prior uveitis developed PCO. Diabetics were noted to have significantly less PCO rates compared to the non-diabetic patients (p=0.028). There was no significant difference between the phaco-emulsification and manual small incision cataract surgery (MSICS) method of surgery. After multivariate analysis pea was found to be associated with type of IOL [adjusted (adj) OR 0.28,95% CI 0.13, 0.61] and Diabetes Mellitus (adj OR 0.33, 95% CI 0.13-0.88). Conclusion: AcrySof ® lens has lower PCO rates compared to PMMA. The method of surgery (MSICS vis Phaco-emulsification) had no impact on pea rates. Diabetic patients had less PCO rates in comparison to the non- diabetics. The factors which may predict risk of PCO are the type of lens and diabetes. 1 Recommendation: AcrySof ® lens be the preferred intra-ocular lens (IOL) to reduce posterior capsular opacification rates post cataract surgery when affordable.