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    Air and Blood Lead Levels in Lead Acid Battery Recycling and Manufacturing Plants in Kenya

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    Date
    2012
    Author
    Shiundu, Paul M.
    Wafula, Godfrey A
    Moturi, Charles M
    Were, Faridah H
    Kamau, Geoffrey N
    Type
    Article
    Language
    en
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    The concentration of airborne and blood lead (Pb) was assessed in a Pb acid battery recycling plant and in a Pb acid battery manufacturing plant in Kenya. In the recycling plant, full-shift area samples taken across 5 days in several production sections showed a mean value ± standard deviation (SD) of 427 ± 124 μg/m3, while area samples in the office area had a mean ± SD of 59.2 ± 22.7 μg/m3. In the battery manufacturing plant, full-shift area samples taken across 5 days in several production areas showed a mean value ± SD of 349 ± 107 μg/m3, while area samples in the office area had a mean ± SD of 55.2 ± 33.2 μg/m3. All these mean values exceed the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Administration's permissible exposure limit of 50 μg/m3 as an 8-hr time-weighted average. In the battery recycling plant, production workers had a mean blood Pb level ± SD of 62.2 ± 12.7 μg/dL, and office workers had a mean blood Pb level ± SD of 43.4 ± 6.6 μg/dL. In the battery manufacturing plant, production workers had a mean blood Pb level ± SD of 59.5 ± 10.1 μg/dL, and office workers had a mean blood Pb level ± SD of 41.6 ± 7.4 μg/dL. All the measured blood Pb levels exceeded 30 μg/dL, which is the maximum blood Pb level recommended by the ACGIH®. Observations made in these facilities revealed numerous sources of Pb exposure due to inadequacies in engineering controls, work practices, respirator use, and personal hygiene
    URI
    http://erepository.uonbi.ac.ke:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/33881
    http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22512792
    Citation
    Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene Volume 9, Issue 5, 2012
    Publisher
    Department of Chemistry, University of Nairobi
    Subject
    Airborne lead
    Battery manufacturing
    Battery recycling
    Blood lead level Related
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    • Faculty of Science & Technology (FST) [4284]

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