Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 1761-1780 of 29939
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Why is There Low Morbidity and Mortality of COVID-19 in Africa?
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Three months since the detection of the first COVID-19 case in Africa, almost all countries of the continent continued to report lower morbidity and mortality than the global trend, including Europe and North America. We ... -
Handling missing data in modelling quality of clinician-prescribed routine care: Sensitivity analysis of departure from missing at random assumption
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Missing information is a major drawback in analyzing data collected in many routine health care settings. Multiple imputation assuming a missing at random mechanism is a popular method to handle missing data. The missing ... -
Examining which clinicians provide admission hospital care in a high mortality setting and their adherence to guidelines: an observational study in 13 hospitals
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: We explored who actually provides most admission care in hospitals offering supervised experiential training to graduating clinicians in a high mortality setting where practices deviate from guideline ... -
Lymphopenia and neutrophilia at admission predicts severity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: There is a compelling need to identify clinical and laboratory predictors of unfavorable clinical course and death in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). A trend towards low lymphocyte count and high ... -
Modeling the health impact and cost threshold of long-acting ART for adolescents and young adults in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: Despite high efficacy of oral antiretroviral therapy (ART), viral suppression among adolescents and young adults (AYA) living with HIV in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains low. Compared to daily oral ART, bimonthly ... -
Prevalence, intensity and associated risk factors of soil-transmitted helminth and schistosome infections in Kenya: Impact assessment after five rounds of mass drug administration in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: In Kenya, over five million school age children (SAC) are estimated to be at risk of parasitic worms causing soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) and schistosomiasis. As such, the Government of Kenya launched ... -
Methodological rigor of prognostic models for predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where healthcare resources are often limited, making decisions on appropriate treatment choices is critical in ensuring reduction of paediatric deaths as well as ... -
Predictors of health workers' knowledge about artesunate-based severe malaria treatment recommendations in government and faith-based hospitals in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: Health workers' knowledge deficiencies about artesunate-based severe malaria treatment recommendations have been reported. However, predictors of the treatment knowledge have not been examined. In this paper, ... -
The global impact of COVID-19 on gastrointestinal endoscopy units: An international survey of endoscopists
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background & study aims: Corona virus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has markedly impacted routine medical services including gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. We aim to report the real-life performance in high volume GI ... -
Health system factors associated with post-trauma mortality at the prehospital care level in Africa: a scoping review
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: Africa accounts forabout 90% of the global trauma burden. Mapping evidence on health systemfactors associated with post-trauma mortality is essential in definingpre-hospital care research priorities and mitigation ... -
Prognostic models for predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in resource-limited countries: a systematic review
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Objectives: To identify and appraise the methodological rigour of multivariable prognostic models predicting in-hospital paediatric mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Design: Systematic review ... -
Prevalence and causes of vision loss in sub-Saharan Africa in 2015: magnitude, temporal trends and projections
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and causes of vision loss in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in 2015, compared with prior years, and to estimate expected values for 2020. Methods: A systematic review and ... -
Assessment of structure and performance of cattle markets in western Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Cattle markets play a major role in economic empowerment among cattle-keeping communities in developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the structure and performance of selected cattle markets in western ... -
The role of diversity, reserve margin and system structure on retail electricity tariffs in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Electricity bills in Kenya have been an issue of concern to electricity consumers in the recent past. Highly volatile oil prices and unprecedented weather fluctuations have acted as significant shocks for electricity ... -
Levels of PM 10 and PM 2.5 and Respiratory Health Impacts on School-Going Children in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Background: The respiratory system of children is vulnerable to exposure to particulate matter (PM) with a diameter of less than 2.5 and 10 μm (PM2.5 and PM10) or even lower. Objective: This study assessed PM10 and PM2.5 ... -
Integration of prevention and control measures for female genital schistosomiasis, HIV and cervical cancer
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Female genital schistosomiasis as a result of chronic infection with Schistosoma haematobium (commonly known as bilharzia) continues to be largely ignored by national and global health policy-makers. International attention ... -
Rapid in-country sequencing of whole virus genomes to inform rabies elimination programmes
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Genomic surveillance is an important aspect of contemporary disease management but has yet to be used routinely to monitor endemic disease transmission and control in low- and middle-income countries. Rabies is an almost ... -
Analysis of p67 allelic sequences reveals a subtype of allele type 1 unique to buffalo-derived Theileria parva parasites from southern Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2020)East Coast fever (ECF) and Corridor disease (CD) caused by cattle- and buffalo-derived T. parva respectively are the most economically important tick-borne diseases of cattle in the affected African countries. The p67 gene ... -
The Canadian retinoblastoma research advisory board: a framework for patient engagement
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Plain english summary: Retinoblastoma is a rare eye cancer that occurs in one or both eyes of infants and young children as a result of errors in the RB1 gene. There are approximately 2000 retinoblastoma survivors in Canada. ... -
Anti-inflammatory steroidal sapogenins and a conjugated chalcone-stilbene from Dracaena usambarensis Engl
(University of Nairobi, 2020)Four new steroidal sapogenins, dracaenogenins CF (1-4), a new conjugated chalcone-stilbene, 3''-methoxycochinchinenene H (5) together with eight known compounds namely, (25S)-spirosta-1,4-dien-3-one (6), trans-resveratrol ...
