Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2401-2420 of 29939
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Comparative oesophageal cancer risk assessment of hot beverage consumption (coffee, mate and tea): the margin of exposure of PAH vs very hot temperatures.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: Consumption of very hot (> 65 °C) beverages is probably associated with increased risk of oesophageal cancer. First associations were reported for yerba mate and it was initially believed that high content ... -
Cytotoxic flavonoids from two Lonchocarpus species.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)A new isoflavone, 4'-prenyloxyvigvexin A (1) and a new pterocarpan, (6aR,11aR)-3,8-dimethoxybitucarpin B (2) were isolated from the leaves of Lonchocarpus bussei and the stem bark of Lonchocarpus eriocalyx, respectively. ... -
Cytotoxic benzylbenzofuran derivatives from Dorstenia kameruniana
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Chromatographic separation of the extract of the roots of Dorstenia kameruniana (family Moraceae) led to the isolation of three new benzylbenzofuran derivatives, 2-(p-hydroxybenzyl)benzofuran-6-ol (1), 2-(p-hydroxybenzyl ... -
Effect of short and long moderate-intensity exercises in modifying cardiometabolic markers in sedentary Kenyans aged 50 years and above.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Objectives: We compared effects of shorter moderate-intensity exercise time (<10 min bouts) on cardiometabolic parameters with the current recommendations among elderly adults. Methods: Fifty-three sedentary individuals ... -
Female genital mutilation/cutting: innovative training approach for nurse-midwives in high prevalent settings.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Background: Female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) has no medical benefits and is associated with serious health complications. FGM/C including medicalization is illegal in Kenya. Capacity building for nurse-midwives ... -
Sequential extraction as novel approach to compare 12 medicinal plants from Kenya regarding their potential to release Chromium, Manganese, Copper, and Zinc.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)This study is focusing on a novel approach to screen a large number of medicinal plants from Kenya regarding their contents and availability of selected metals potentially relevant for treatment of diabetes patients. For ... -
Genetic and Toxigenic Variability within Aspergillus flavus Population Isolated from Maize in Two Diverse Environments in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Aspergillus flavus is the main producer of carcinogenic aflatoxins in agricultural commodities such as maize. This fungus occurs naturally on crops, and produces aflatoxins when environmental conditions are favorable. The ... -
Demonstrating PM2.5 and road-side dust pollution by heavy metals along Thika superhighway in Kenya, sub-Saharan Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)This study assessed the level of heavy metal in roadside dust and PM2.5 mass concentrations along Thika superhighway in Kenya. Thika superhighway is one of the busiest roads in Kenya, linking Thika town with Nairobi. ... -
SMS communication improves exclusive breastfeeding and early postpartum contraception in a low to middle income country setting: A randomised trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of short message service (SMS) communication on facility delivery, exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) and contraceptive use. DESIGN: MOBILE WACH WAS A 3-ARM UNBLINDED INDIVIDUALLY RANDOMISED ... -
Measuring family planning quality and its link with contraceptive use in public facilities in Burkina Faso, Ethiopia, Kenya and Uganda.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The individual impacts of several components of family planning service quality on contraceptive use have been studied, but the influence of a composite measure synthesizing these components has not been often investigated. ... -
Variability in distribution and use of tuberculosis diagnostic tests in Kenya: a cross-sectional survey
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: Globally, 40% of all tuberculosis (TB) cases, 65% paediatric cases and 75% multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB) cases are missed due to underreporting and/or under diagnosis. A recent Kenyan TB prevalence survey ... -
Curriculum and training needs of mid-level health workers in Africa: a situational review from Kenya, Nigeria, South Africa and Uganda.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: Africa's health systems rely on services provided by mid-level health workers (MLWs). Investment in their training is worthwhile since they are more likely to be retained in underserved areas, require shorter ... -
A model for predicting utilization of mHealth interventions in low-resource settings: case of maternal and newborn care in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: In low-resource settings, there are numerous socioeconomic challenges such as poverty, inadequate facilities, shortage of skilled health workers, illiteracy and cultural barriers that contribute to high ... -
You Will Know That Despite Being HIV Positive You Are Not Alone: Qualitative Study to Inform Content of a Text Messaging Intervention to Improve Prevention of Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)BACKGROUND: Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) relies on long-term adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Mobile health approaches, such as text messaging (short message service, SMS), may improve ... -
Drivers of women's sanitation practices in informal settlements in sub-Saharan Africa: a qualitative study in Mathare Valley, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Despite evidence suggesting women are disproportionately a ff ected by the lack of adequate and safe sanitation facilities around the world, there is limited information about the factors that in fl uence women ’ s ... -
Analysis of Fish Commonly Sold in Local Supermarkets Reveals the Presence of Pathogenic and Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Communities
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Fish has been an important source of proteins, essential vitamins, and low saturated fats for centuries. However, improperly handled fish can expose consumers to infectious bacteria, including difficult to treat ... -
Using safe, affordable and accessible non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to reduce the number of HIV target cells in the blood and at the female genital tract.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)INTRODUCTION: At its basic level, HIV infection requires a replication-competent virus and a susceptible target cell. Elevated levels of vaginal inflammation has been associated with the increased risk of HIV infection ... -
High-risk HPV-RNA screening of physician- and self-collected specimens for detection of cervical lesions among female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)OBJECTIVE: To compare accuracy of detecting high-grade cervical lesions (squamous intraepithelial lesions or greater, HSIL+) by high-risk HPV messenger RNA (hrHPV-RNA) testing between physician- and self-collected ... -
Dispensing of Antimicrobials in Kenya: A Cross-sectional Pilot Study and Its Implications.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent of self-medication of antibiotics and dispensing practices in Kenya. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out at three selected pharmacies ... -
Performance evaluation of five commercial assays in assessing seroprevalence of HEV antibodies among blood donors.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)INTRODUCTION: Although hepatitis E virus (HEV) is mainly transmitted via the faecal-oral route, the rate of HEV transmission via blood donation is on the rise. However, the seroprevalence of HEV among blood donors is ...
