Journal Articles: Recent submissions

Now showing items 721-740 of 29992

    • Socioeconomic Burdens of the COVID-19 Pandemic on LMIC Populations with Increased HIV Vulnerabilities 

      Leigh, McClarty; Lisa, Lazarus; Daria, Pavlova; Sushena, Reza-Paul; Olga, Balakireva; Kimani, Joshua; Tetiana, Tarasova; Robert, Lorway; Becker, Marissa L; McKinnon, Lyle R (University of Nairobi, 2022-02)
      Purpose of review: To review the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and its public health response on key populations at risk of HIV infection, with a focus on sex workers. Recent findings: Since last year several groups ...

    • Flavanols from Tetrapleura tetraptera with cytotoxic activities 

      Ayoolu, Oguntimehin S; Ogbole, Omonike O; Ajaiyeoba, Edith O; Nchiozem-Ngnitedem, Vaderament-A; Demissie, Taye B; Elbadawi, Mohamed; Efferth, Thomas; Bedane, Kibrom G; Spitelle, Michael (University of Nairobi, 2022-05)
      Tetrapleura tetraptera is a medicinal plant used in East and West Africa to treat inflammation and related diseases. From the stem bark of the plant, three previously undescribed flavan-3-ol derivatives named (2R,3S)-3,3 ...

    • The Unusual High Origin Radial Artery in a Black Kenyan Population: A Cadaveric Study 

      Bundi, Brian N; Mutua, Victor; Cheruiyot, Isaac; Munguti, Jeremiah; Csefalvay, Chris von; Nurani, Khulud M; Ogeng'o, Julius (University of Nairobi, 2022-03)
      Background: The anatomy of the radial artery draws great interests among anatomists for its frequent involvement in variations. Equally, these variations have gained significant attention from clinicians because of the ...

    • Genetic connectivity of trypanosomes between tsetse-infested and tsetse-free areas of Kenya 

      Kimenyi, Naomi N; Kimenyi, Kelvin M; Amugune, Nelson O; Getahun, Merid N (University of Nairobi, 2022-03)
      The prevalence rates of trypanosomes, including those that require cyclical transmission by tsetse flies, are widely distributed in Africa. Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanosoma congolense are actively maintained in regions ...

    • The effects of negative pressure wound therapy on wounds with cerebrospinal fluid leakages 

      Nangole, Ferdinand W; Agak, George (University of Nairobi, 2022-04)
      Objective: Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) has been widely used for a variety of wounds with good outcomes. However, it is contraindicated in the management of wounds with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakages. The ...

    • Outdoor malaria vector species profile in dryland ecosystems of Kenya 

      Kinya, Fiona; Mutero, Clifford M; Sang, Rosemary; Owino, Eunice A; Rotich, Gilbert; Ogola, Edwin O; Wondji, Charles S; Torto, Baldwyn; Tchouassi, David P (University of Nairobi, 2022-05)
      Outdoor biting by anopheline mosquitoes is one of the contributors to residual malaria transmission, but the profile of vectors driving this phenomenon is not well understood. Here, we studied the bionomics and genetically ...

    • Preclinical efficacy testing of three antivenoms against Naja ashei venom-induced lethality 

      Okumu, Mitchel O; Mbaria, James M; Gikunju, Joseph K; Mbuthia, Paul G; Madadi, Vincent O; Ochola, Francis O; Maloba, Kenneth N; Nderitu, Joseph G (University of Nairobi, 2022-04)
      This study aimed to determine the efficacy of Inoserp, Vins bioproducts, and South African Institute of Medical Research (SAIMR) polyvalent antivenoms in neutralizing Naja ashei venom-induced lethality in mice. The ...

    • A Systematic Review of Medicinal Plants of Kenya used in the Management of Bacterial Infections 

      Odongo, Elizabeth A; Mutai, Peggoty C; Amugune, Beatrice K; Mungai, Nelly N (University of Nairobi, 2022-03)
      Kenya's vision 2030 partly aims at ensuring adequate health care for all, and the integration of traditional healthcare practices into the national healthcare system would present a more rapid alternative towards the ...

    • Pediatric Pneumonia: Another Problem Plagued by Inequity in Health Care 

      Attia, Engi F; Kaufman, Joel D; Maleche-Obimbo, Elizabeth (University of Nairobi, 2022-06)

    • Landscape Dynamics (landDX) an open-access spatial-temporal database for the Kenya-Tanzania borderlands 

      Tyrrell, Peter; Amoke, Irene; Betjes, Koen; Broekhuis, Femke; Buitenwerf, Robert; Carroll, Sarah; Hahn, Nathan; Haywood, Daniel; Klaassen, Britt; Løvschal, Mette; Macdonald, David; Maiyo, Karen; Mbithi, Hellen; Mwangi, Nelson; Ochola, Churchil; Odire, Erick; Ondrusek, Victoria; Ratemo, Junior; Pope, Frank; Russell, Samantha; Sairowua, Wilson; Sigilai, Kiptoo; Stabach, Jared A; Svenning, Jens-Christian; Stone, Elizabeth; du Toit, Johan T; Western, Guy; Wittemyer, George; Wall, Jake (University of Nairobi, 2022-01)
      The savannas of the Kenya-Tanzania borderland cover >100,000 km2 and is one of the most important regions globally for biodiversity conservation, particularly large mammals. The region also supports >1 million pastoralists ...

    • A case for implementation of adult pneumococcal vaccine program in Africa: review and expert opinion 

      Shah, Reena; Gathu, Catherine; Njenga, Eric; Chakaya, Jeremiah; Ogola, Elijah; Oyoo, Omondi; Odhiambo, Andrew; Wambugu, Benjamin; Feldman, Charles (University of Nairobi, 2022-01)
      Vaccines are considered as a therapeutic area for children; the scientific community focuses mainly on managing chronic disease when it comes to adults. There currently is an increase in the burden of vaccine preventable ...

    • Mechanisms of Kwashiorkor-Associated Immune Suppression: Insights From Human, Mouse, and Pig Studies 

      Michael, Husheem; Amimo, Joshua O; Rajashekara, Gireesh; Saif, Linda J; Vlasova, Anastasia N (University of Nairobi, 2022-05)
      Malnutrition refers to inadequate energy and/or nutrient intake. Malnutrition exhibits a bidirectional relationship with infections whereby malnutrition increases risk of infections that further aggravates malnutrition. ...

    • Pediatric saliva-based HIV testing: healthcare worker and caregiver acceptability 

      Neary, Jillian; Bulterys, Michelle A; Ogutu, Emily A; Gabrielle, O'Malley; Otieno, Anita A; Omondi, Vincent O; Wang, Yu; Zhai, Xinyi; Katz, David A; Oyiengo, Laura; Wamalwa, Dalton C; Slyker, Jennifer A; John-Stewart, Grace C; Njuguna, Irene N; Wagner, Anjuli D (University of Nairobi, 2022-04)
      Background: Pediatric HIV testing remains suboptimal. The OraQuick test (saliva-based test [SBT]) is validated in pediatric populations ≥18 months. Understanding caregiver and healthcare worker (HCW) acceptability of ...

    • Navigating family planning access during Covid-19: A qualitative study of young women's access to information, support and health services in peri-urban Nairobi 

      Hassan, Rahma; Bhatia, Amiya; Anja, Zinke-Allmang; Shipow, Amy; Ogolla, Concilia; Krittika, Gorur; Cislaghi, Beniamino (University of Nairobi, 2021-12)
      The COVID-19 response has profoundly affected women's access to family planning services in Kenya. While prior studies have shown how the COVID-19 response created barriers to accessing family planning (FP) services, less ...

    • Dietary preference of cheetahs ( Acinonyx jubatus) in south-eastern Kenya 

      Mutoro, Noreen M; Chira, Robert; Gichuki, Nathan; Kariuki, Edward; Eberle, Jonas; Habel, Jan C; Wykstra, Mary (University of Nairobi, 2022-03)
      The conversion of natural ecosystems due to anthropogenic activities has led to the destruction of natural habitats and to the deterioration of habitat quality. Top predators particularly respond sensitively to changes in ...

    • Emergence of Clinical Clostridioides difficile Isolates With Decreased Susceptibility to Vancomycin 

      Darkoh, Charles; Keita, Kadiatou; Odo, Chioma; Oyaro, Micah; Brown, Eric L; Arias, Cesar A; Hanson, Blake M; DuPont, Herbert L (University of Nairobi, 2022-01)
      Background: Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of hospital-associated antibiotic-related diarrhea and deaths worldwide. Vancomycin is one of the few antibiotics recommended for both nonsevere and ...

    • Cardiovascular risk factors and markers of myocardial injury and inflammation in people living with HIV in Nairobi, Kenya: a pilot cross-sectional study 

      Ahmed, Hassan A; Mohamed, Jeilan; Akuku, Isaiah G; Lee, Kuan K; Alam, Shirjel R; Perel, Pablo; Shah, Jasmit; Ali, Mohammed K; Eskander, Sherry; Chung, Michael H; Shah, Anoop S (University of Nairobi, 2022-06)
      Objectives: To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and explore associations with high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I (hscTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in people ...

    • Wilful pathogens provoke a gut feeling in Parkinson's disease 

      Jeswinder, Sian-Hülsmann (University of Nairobi, 2022-06)
      Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurological disorder marked by characteristic poverty and dysfunction in movement. There are many mechanisms and factors which have been postulated to be associated with the ...

    • Association between human leukocyte antigen class II (HLA-DRB and -DQB) alleles and outcome of exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study in Nairobi, Kenya 

      Odera, Susan; Mureithi, Marianne; Aballa, Andrew; Onyango, Noel; Kazungu, Samwel; Ogolla, Simon; Kaiyare, George; Anzala, Omu; Oyugi, Julius (University of Nairobi, 2022-02)
      Introduction: human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles play an important role in the early immune response to tuberculosis (TB) by presenting antigenic peptides to CD4+ T cells, hence polymorphisms in those genes can ...

    • Mental Health in Kenyan Schools: Teachers' Perspectives 

      Mbwayo, Anne W; Mathai, Muthoni; Khasakhala, L I; Kuria, Mary W; Stoep, Ann Vander (University of Nairobi, 2020)
      Introduction: This qualitative study, conducted in public primary and secondary schools, sought teachers' perceptions of mental health concerns that are relevant in school settings. Based on the phenomenological theory, ...