Institute for Development Studies, University of Nairobi

This study examines population growth in Kenya since independence. In 1966, the Ministry of Health integrated the formerly private Family Planning Association of Kenya within its Family Planning Programme. The Programme’s effect on reducing the birth rate is reviewed in conjunction with demographic trends eliciting the conclusion that current growth rates cannot be sustained given land availability and resources; either human or natural forces will intervene to curtail population growth before the end of this century. Kenyan population policy is analyzed with respect to both formulation and implementation. This analysis indicates that full internalization of costs and benefits associated with such population increases requires a significant expansion and change in the methodology of the Family Planning Programme. Additional policy tools are presented and their feasibility within the present institutional framework discussed.