Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 1081-1100 of 10417
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Non-communicable disease syndemics: poverty, depression, and diabetes among low-income populations.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)The co-occurrence of health burdens in transitioning populations, particularly in specific socioeconomic and cultural contexts, calls for conceptual frameworks to improve understanding of risk factors, so as to better ... -
Glucose-lowering therapies, adequacy of metabolic control, and their relationship with comorbid depression in outpatients with type 2 diabetes in a tertiary hospital in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Depression and diabetes mellitus are important comorbid conditions with serious health consequences. When depression and diabetes are comorbid, depression negatively affects self-management activities of ... -
Task shifting the management of non-communicable diseases to nurses in Kibera, Kenya: does it work?
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: In sub-Saharan Africa there is an increasing need to leverage available health care workers to provide care for non-communicable diseases (NCDs). This study was conducted to evaluate adherence to Médecins ... -
Traditional therapies used to manage diabetes and related complications in Mauritius: a comparative Ethnoreligious study.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Religious communities from Mauritius still rely on traditional therapies (TT) for primary healthcare. Nonetheless, there is still a dearth of scientific information on TT used by the different religious groups to manage ... -
Esophageal squamous dysplasia is common in asymptomatic Kenyans: a prospective, community-based, cross-sectional study.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVES: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is endemic in east Africa and is a leading cause of cancer death among Kenyans. The asymptomatic precursor lesion of ESCC is esophageal squamous dysplasia (ESD). We ... -
Optimal Z-score use in surgical decision-making in pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVES: In the surgical treatment of pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, the size of the tricuspid valve annulus (as measured by z-scores) has emerged as a significant factor in deciding which repair ... -
Consensus statement: supporting safer conception and pregnancy for men and women living with and affected by HIV
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Safer conception interventions reduce HIV incidence while supporting the reproductive goals of people living with or affected by HIV. We developed a consensus statement to address demand, summarize science, identify ... -
Costs of integrating cervical cancer screening at an HIV clinic in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: To estimate the societal-level costs of integrating cervical cancer screening into HIV clinics in Nairobi, Kenya. METHODS: A cross-sectional micro-costing study was performed at Coptic Hope Center for ... -
Potential biomarkers associated with discrimination between latent and active pulmonary tuberculosis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)SETTING: A third of the world's population has latent tuberculous infection (LTBI). Current TB diagnostics used in developing countries are ineffective and are unable to distinguish LTBI from active TB. Identifying ... -
Simplified paper format for detecting HIV drug resistance in clinical specimens by oligonucleotide ligation.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a chronic infection that can be managed by antiretroviral treatment (ART). However, periods of suboptimal viral suppression during lifelong ART can select for HIV drug resistant (DR) ... -
Reversibility of glomerular renal function decline in hiv-uninfected men and women discontinuing emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate pre-exposure prophylaxis.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) use is associated with a small but statistically significant decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). We investigated the ... -
Low risk of proximal tubular dysfunction associated with emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate preexposure prophylaxis in men and women.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with proximal tubular dysfunction (tubulopathy) when used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated whether TDF causes ... -
Modeling the Cost-Effectiveness of Home-Based HIV Testing and Education (HOPE) for Pregnant Women and Their Male Partners in Nyanza Province, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: Women in sub-Saharan Africa face a 2-fold higher risk of HIV acquisition during pregnancy and postpartum and the majority do not know the HIV status of their male partner. Home-based couple HIV testing for ... -
Brief Report: Sexual Violence Against HIV-Positive Women in the Nyanza Region of Kenya: Is Condom Negotiation an Instigator?
(University of Nairobi, 2017)For people living with HIV, exposure to sexual violence (SV) is associated with decreased adherence to antiretroviral medication, a primary predictor of their survival. Identification of risk factors for SV is a pressing ... -
Time to act-comprehensive abortion care in east Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2016) -
Risk factors for hypoxia and tachypnea among adolescents with vertically-acquired HIV in Nairobi.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Chronic lung diseases are increasingly recognized complications of vertically-acquired HIV among adolescents in sub-Saharan Africa and may manifest with hypoxia or tachypnea. We sought to determine the ... -
Genital Injury Signatures and Microbiome Alterations Associated With Depot Medroxyprogesterone Acetate Usage and Intravaginal Drying Practices.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background.: Increasing evidence suggests depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and intravaginal practices may be associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection risk; however, the mechanisms are not ... -
A Risk Assessment Tool for Identifying Pregnant and Postpartum Women Who May Benefit From Preexposure Prophylaxis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background: A human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) risk assessment tool for pregnant women could identify women who would most benefit from preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) while minimizing unnecessary PrEP exposure. Met ... -
Gender-Specific Combination HIV Prevention for Youth in High-Burden Settings: The MP3 Youth Observational Pilot Study Protocol.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Nearly three decades into the epidemic, sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains the region most heavily affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), with nearly 70% of the 34 million people living with HIV ... -
Relationship between functional capacity and health-related quality of life of patients with type-2 diabetes.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)AIMS: Physical function is a determinant of survival in chronic diseases, however, little is known about functional capacity (FC) and self-reported health status of patients with type-2 diabetes (T2D). This study ...
