Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2421-2440 of 10418
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HIV-1 subtype C is not associated with higher risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission: a multinational study among HIV-1 serodiscordant couples.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01)BACKGROUND: HIV-1 subtype C has emerged as the most prevalent strain of HIV-1 worldwide, leading to speculation that subtype C may be more transmissible than other subtypes. We compared the risk of HIV-1 transmission ... -
A prospective study of the effect of pregnancy on CD4 counts and plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations of antiretroviral-naive HIV-1-infected women.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02)BACKGROUND: In HIV-1-infected women, CD4 count declines occur during pregnancy, which has been attributed to hemodilution. However, for women who have not initiated antiretroviral therapy, it is unclear if CD4 declines ... -
Unreported antiretroviral use by HIV-1-infected participants enrolling in a prospective research study.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02) -
Antioxidant potential of a polyherbal antimalarial as an indicator of its therapeutic value.
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Nefang is a polyherbal product composed of Mangifera indica (bark and leaf), Psidium guajava, Carica papaya, Cymbopogon citratus, Citrus sinensis, and Ocimum gratissimum (leaves), used for the treatment of malaria. Compounds ... -
Variants in host viral replication cycle genes are associated with heterosexual HIV-1 acquisition in Africans.
(2014-01-23)OBJECTIVE:: We evaluated genetic variants in 51 candidate genes encoding proteins that interact with HIV-1 during the virus life cycle for association with HIV-1 outcomes in an African cohort. METHODS:: Using a ... -
Developing Clinical Strength-of-Evidence Approach to Define HIV-Associated Malignancies for Cancer Registration in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-01-23)BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa cancer registries are beset by an increasing cancer burden further exacerbated by the AIDS epidemic where there are limited capabilities for cancer-AIDS match co-registration. We undertook ... -
Cross-species and tissue variations in cyanide detoxification rates in rodents and non-human primates on protein-restricted diet.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02)We sought to elucidate the impact of diet, cyanide or cyanate exposure on mammalian cyanide detoxification capabilities (CDC). Male rats (∼8weeks old) (N=52) on 75% sulfur amino acid (SAA)-deficient diet were treated with ... -
A Pilot Comparison of Standardized Online Surgical Curricula for Use in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02-12)IMPORTANCE Surgical conditions are an important component of global disease burden, due in part to critical shortages of adequately trained surgical providers in low- and middle-income countries. OBJECTIVES To assess the ... -
The political origins of health inequity: the perspective of the Youth Commission on Global Governance for Health.
(University of Nairobi, 2014-02-15) -
Acute HIV-1 infection is as common as malaria in young febrile adults seeking care in coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2014)BACKGROUND:: Febrile adults are usually not tested for acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) in Africa. We assessed a strategy to diagnose AHI among young adult patients seeking care. METHODS:: Young adults (<30 years) who ... -
Venomous snake bite injuries at Kitui District Hospital
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background Snake bites are a neglected public health issue in poor rural communities, and the true burden of snake bites is not known. Kitui County has a high incidence of snake bites and no functional snake bite control ... -
Identification of specific markers linked to regional differentiation of Warburgia ugandensis
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Warburgia ugandensis is an important African medicinal tree. The species population has shown a high genetic differentiation in the Kenya’s Rift Valley. Nine populations were analysed by Bulk Segregant Analysis employing ... -
African Programme: Kenya
(Universty of Nairobi, 2000)Kenya is one of the East African countries with a coastline bordering the Indian Ocean and astride the equator. The country has an area of 225,000 square miles and a population of about 30 million people. The prevalence ... -
Are Blind People More Likely to Accept Free Cataract Surgery? A Study of Vision-Related Quality of Life and Visual Acuity in Kenya
(Universty of Nairobi, 2010-02)Purpose: To determine possible differences in visual acuity, socio-demographic factors and vision-related Quality of Life (QoL) between people accepting and people refusing sponsored cataract surgery. Methods: Three hundred ... -
Knowledge level of glaucoma patients attending clinic at Kenyatta National Hospital
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Background: Glaucoma is a characteristic optic neuropathy which typically results in specific patterns of progressive visual field loss and who’s most important risk factor is raised intraocular pressure (IOP). It is second ... -
Difficult gallbladder surgery, improving patient outcomes through appropriate surgical decisions
(University of Nairobi, 2012)Background: Cholecystectomy is becoming a common operation in Africa. The right upper quadrant is regarded by many as the most difficult area of the abdomen because of the variable anatomy, small sized ducts and the irritant ... -
Transition from open to laparoscopic cholecystectomy at a public and private hospitals in Nairobi
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Backgound: It is almost two decades since laparoscopic surgery was first introduced in Kenya. This study was aimed at evaluating the transition to laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) with analysis of patient demographics and ... -
Mesenteric panniculitis mimicking acute pancreatitis: A case report and literature review
(University of Nairobi, 2013)Mesenteric panniculitis is a rare disease characterized by an chronic non-specific inflammation of the adipose tissue of the mesentery of the small intestine and colon. The specific etiology of the disease is unknown. The ... -
Pattern of congestive heart failure in a Kenyan paediatric population : cardiovascular topics
(2013-05)Background : Heart failure in children is a common cause of morbidity and mortality, with high socio-economic burden. Its pattern varies between countries but reports from Africa are few. The data are important to inform ... -
Ethnobotanical Survey Of Medicinal Plants Used For The Management Of Male Sexual Dysfunctionand Infertility In Tana River County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi,, 2013)Sexual dysfunction afflicts 10% of men of all ages, ethnicities and cultural backqround. In Tana River County a large percentage of reproductive health ailments are managed by traditional healers. Unfortunately, in ...
