Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 2861-2880 of 10418
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HIV-1 maternal and infant variants show similar sensitivity to broadly neutralizing antibodies, but sensitivity varies by subtype
(University of NairobiSchool of Public Health, 2013-06-19)RATIONALE: To protect against HIV infection, passively transferred and/or vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) need to effectively target diverse subtypes that are transmitted globally. These variants are a ... -
Plasma and Cerebrospinal Proteomes From Children With Cerebral Malaria Differ From Those of Children With Other Encephalopathies
(PubMedSchool of Medicine, University of Nairobi, 2013-07-25)Clinical signs and symptoms of cerebral malaria in children are nonspecific and are seen in other common encephalopathies in malaria-endemic areas. This makes accurate diagnosis difficult in resource-poor settings. Novel ... -
Perceptions of child discipline and its contributions to child abuse in a low-income community in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of NairobiSchool of Public Health, 2013-08-02)BACKGROUND: There is a fine line between child discipline and maltreatment. Perceptions of child discipline in three tribal groups living in an informal community in Kenya are reported.METHODS: Child disciplinary practices ... -
Breastfeeding is associated with decreased pneumonia incidence among HIV-exposed, uninfected Kenyan infants.
(University of Nairobi,Department of Paediatrics & Child Health, 2013)OBJECTIVE:: HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have higher infectious disease morbidity and mortality than unexposed infants. We determined the incidence and risk factors for pneumonia, a leading cause of infant ... -
Effect of Text Messaging to Deter Early Resumption of Sexual Activity after Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
(Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USAKenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USADepartment of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA, 2013)BACKGROUND:: Resumption of sex before complete wound healing after male circumcision may increase risk of post-operative surgical complications, and HIV acquisition and transmission. We aimed to determine the effect ... -
Risk factors for cervical precancer detection among previously unscreened HIV-infected women in Western Kenya.
(WileyDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 2013)HIV and cervical cancer are intersecting epidemics in many low-resource settings, yet there are few accurate estimates of the scope of this public health challenge. To understand disease prevalence and risk factors for ... -
Preventing HIV infection in women.
(Wolters KluwerDivision of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7030, USA, 2013)Although the number of new infections has declined recently, women still constitute almost half of the world's 34 million people with HIV infection, and HIV remains the leading cause of death among women of reproductive ... -
Neonatal nitrition and later outcomes of very low birth weight infants at Kenyatta National Hospital
(University of Nairobi, 2007-06)A total of 296 episodes of bacteremia due to Enterobacter occurred in 281 patients with cancer between 1972 and 1986. The majority of these episodes were caused by Enterobacter cloacae. Seventy-four percent of the patients ... -
A tribute to professor Edward George Kasili
(University of Nairobi, 2009-12)No abstract available -
Does integrating family planning into HIV care and treatment impact intention to use contraception? Patient perspectives from HIV-infected individuals in Nyanza Province, Kenya.
(ElsevierDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, 2013)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether HIV-infected women and men in HIV care and not using highly effective methods of contraception thought they would be more likely to use contraception if it were available at the HIV ... -
Incident HSV-2 Infections Are Common Among HIV-1-discordant Couples.
(University of NairobiSchool of Medicine, 2013)Background. The synergy between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is well known, but lack of knowledge about the epidemiology of HSV-2 acquisition in HIV-1-discordant couples ... -
Daily Acyclovir to Decrease Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Transmission from HSV-2/HIV-1 Coinfected Persons: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
(University of NairobiSchool of Medicine, 2013)Background. Daily suppressive therapy with valacyclovir reduces risk of sexual transmission of herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in HSV-2-serodiscordant heterosexual couples by 48%. Whether suppressive therapy reduces ... -
Home visits during pregnancy enhance male partner HIV counselling and testing in Kenya: a randomized clinical trial.
(University of NairobiSchool of medicine, 2013-08)BACKGROUND:: HIV testing male partners of pregnant women may decrease HIV transmission to women and promote uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) interventions. However, it has been difficult ... -
Biomarker evaluation of self-reported condom use among women in HIV-discordant couples.
(University of NairobiSchool of Medicine, 2013)Self-reported condom use is a commonly collected statistic, yet its use in research studies may be inaccurate. We evaluated this statistic among women in HIV-discordant couples enrolled in a clinical trial in Nairobi, ... -
The Afya Bora Consortium: an Africa-US partnership to train leaders in global health.
(University of NairobiSchool of Medicine, 2011)The Afya Bora Consortium is a partnership of 8 academic health institutions, 4 in Africa and 4 in the United States. The Consortium is developing a Global Health Leadership Fellowship for medical, nursing, and public health ... -
Benefits and constraints of intimate partnerships for HIV positive sex workers in Kibera, Kenya
(College of Health Sciences, 2013)Introduction: Research on the intimate partnerships of female sex workers (FSWs) tends to focus on the risks associated with these relationships. This paper takes as its starting point that the situation of FSWs is ... -
Chromatographic analysis of phenobarbitone, ethosuximide, phenytoin and carbamazepine on a polystyrene-divinyl benzene
(University of Nairobi, 2006)No abstract available -
Oral health knowledge , attitudes and practices of Parents/guardians of pre - school children in Moshi,Tanzania
(University of Nairobi, 2009)To assess the oral health knowledge, attitudes and practices of the parents/guardians of pre-school children in Moshi, Tanzania. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, ... -
Esthetic preferences of European American, Hispanic American, Japanese, and African Judges for soft - tissue profiles
(University of Nairobi, 2009)Our objectives were to determine whether observer and patient sex and race or ethnicity determine esthetic preferences for lip positions. Methods Four independent panels each consisting of 30 lay judges viewed pretreatment ... -
Morphological and Functional Traits of Malocclusion in 3 - 5 year olds in Moshi, Tanzania
(University of Nairobi, 2009)Objective: To assess the morphological and functional traits of malocclusion. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Moshi Municipality, Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania. Subjects: Examination for occlusal traits was done on ...
