Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 5941-5960 of 10418
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Megaloblastic anaemia in Zimbabwe. II: Diagnostic significance of red cell indices in
(University of NairobiDepartment of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, 1990-10)Studies of red cell indices viz: Rbc count, Hb, Hct ratio, MCV, MCH and MCHC were carried out in normal subjects (n = 62) and in patients with: B12 deficiency (n = 34); folate deficiency (n = 17); and B12 and folate ... -
Bacterial vaginosis associated with increased risk of female-to-male HIV-1 transmission: a prospective cohort analysis among African couples
(2012)Bacterial vaginosis (BV), a disruption of the normal vaginal flora, has been associated with a 60% increased risk of HIV-1 acquisition in women and higher concentration of HIV-1 RNA in the genital tract of HIV-1-infected ... -
Genital HIV-1 RNA predicts risk of heterosexual HIV-1 transmission.
(Univesity of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 2011-04)High plasma HIV-1 RNA concentrations are associated with an increased risk of HIV-1 transmission. Although plasma and genital HIV-1 RNA concentrations are correlated, no study has evaluated the relationship between genital ... -
Hyponatremia, hypochloremia, and hypoalbuminemia predict an increased risk of mortality during the first year of antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected Zambian and Kenyan women.
(Univesity of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 2011)Early mortality rates after initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) are high in sub-Saharan Africa. We examined whether serum chemistries at ART initiation predicted mortality among HIV-infected women. From May 2005 to ... -
Factors associated with pregnant women's anticipations and experiences of HIV-related stigma in rural Kenya
(2012)Pregnant women who fear or experience HIV-related stigma may not get care for their own health or medications to reduce perinatal transmission of HIV. This study examined factors associated with anticipating and experiencing ... -
Birthweights of infants of teenage mothers in Nairobi.
(Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1985)Teenage pregnancies lower average birthweight. In the NBS, teenage mothers had significantly lower average birthweight of 2 920 +/- 553 g compared with 3 133 +/- 533 g among women in the general population. A high rate of ... -
Fertility intentions and interest in integrated family planning services among women living with HIV in Nyanza Province, Kenya: a qualitative study
(2012)Despite increasing efforts to address the reproductive health needs of people living with HIV, a high unmet need for contraception exists among HIV+ women in sub-Saharan Africa. This study explores the fertility intentions ... -
Age Distribution And Seasonal Pattern Of Rotavirus Infection In Children In Kenya.
(University of NairobiSchool of medicine University of Nairobi, 184-09)PIP: The age distribution and seasonal pattern of rotavirus infection were investigated in infants and young children admitted with acute diarrhea at the Kenyatta National Hospital from December 1981 through June 1983. ... -
Trypan blue staining to determine vaginal exposure in two types of plastic vaginal applicators containing two different microbicide formulations
(2012)Dye staining of applicators has been shown to be a reliable and objective method to test vaginal insertion in clinical microbicide trials, but different plastics, dyes, and product formulations may impact the accuracy of ... -
Knowledge and practice about cervical cancer and Pap smear testing among patients at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi.Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 2003-12)Invasive cervical cancer (ICC) is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in developing countries. Population-based cytologic screening and early treatment does reduce morbidity and mortality associated with ... -
The role of HIV-related stigma in utilization of skilled childbirth services in rural Kenya: a prospective mixed-methods study
(2012)Childbirth with a skilled attendant is crucial for preventing maternal mortality and is an important opportunity for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV. The Maternity in Migori and AIDS Stigma Study (MAMAS ... -
Breastfeeding Versus Infant Formula: The Kenyan Case.
(University of NairobiDepartment of Paediatrics,University of Nairobi, 1985-02)PIP: An Infant Feeding Practices Study (IFPS) in 1982 in Kenya, which included a cross-sectional survey of a weighted sample of 980 low and middle income Nairobi mothers who had given birth in the previous 18 months, ... -
Serological determination of prevalence of congenital syphilis in two hospitals in Kenya.
(Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, 1982)Pubertal growth and development were compared in 342 privileged, urban children and 347 impoverished rural adolescents from Kenya. Measurements of height, weight, upper arm circumference, and triceps skinfolds revealed ... -
Viral linkage in HIV-1 seroconverters and their partners in an HIV-1 prevention clinical trial.
(Univesity of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 2011-03)BACKGROUND: Characterization of viruses in HIV-1 transmission pairs will help identify biological determinants of infectiousness and evaluate candidate interventions to reduce transmission. Although HIV-1 sequencing is ... -
Text messaging to improve attendance at post-operative clinic visits after adult male circumcision for HIV prevention: a randomized controlled trial
(2012)Following male circumcision for HIV prevention, a high proportion of men fail to return for their scheduled seven-day post-operative visit. We evaluated the effect of short message service (SMS) text messages on attendance ... -
Measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations. An assessment of anxiety
(University of NairobiCollege of Health science, 1985)This study was designed to assess the value of measurement of plasma catecholamine concentrations as an objective index of anxiety. A preliminary study was undertaken on 11 healthy volunteers (medically qualified), to ... -
Herpes simplex virus type 2 suppressive therapy with acyclovir or valacyclovir does not select for specific HIV-1 resistance in HIV-1/HSV-2 dually infected persons.
(Univesity of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 2011-01)Recent in vitro studies suggest that acyclovir may directly inhibit HIV-1 replication and can select for a specific HIV-1 reverse transcriptase mutation (V75I) with concomitant loss of an anti-HIV-1 effect. We tested for ... -
Validity of the vaginal discharge algorithm among pregnant and non-pregnant women in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi.Department of medical microbiology, 2000-02)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the validity of different algorithms for the diagnosis of gonococcal and chlamydial infections among pregnant and non-pregnant women consulting health services for vaginal discharge in Nairobi, ... -
Property Rights Violations as a Structural Driver of Women's HIV Risks: A Qualitative Study in Nyanza and Western Provinces, Keny
(2012)While access to and control over assets can minimize women's HIV risk, little is known about the processes through which property rights violations increase the sexual transmission of HIV. The current study focused on two ... -
Adherence to national guidelines in prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV.
(Univesity of NairobiDepartment of Medicine, 2010-12)Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) contributes to over 90% of the paediatric HIV infections. The national PMTCT guidelines make recommendations for specific interventions to reduce ...
