Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 9161-9180 of 10418
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A prevalence study of ear problems in school children in Kiambu district, Kenya, May 1992
(1995-11)Information on the prevalence of hearing impairment and related ear pathologies in children in sub-Saharan Africa is scarce. A pilot study for a clinical trial of simple treatments for chronic suppurative otitis media ... -
Prognostic indicators of life-threatening malaria are associated with distinct parasite variant antigen profiles.
(2012)PfEMP1 is a family of cytoadhesive surface antigens expressed on erythrocytes infected with Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes the most severe form of malaria. These surface antigens play a role in immune ... -
Vitamin A supplementation and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 shedding in women: results of a randomized clinical trial.
(Department of Epidemiology, University of WashingtonDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2002)Observational studies have associated vitamin A deficiency with vaginal shedding of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected cells and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission. To assess the effect of vitamin A ... -
Evaluation of preparatory psychosocial counselling for medically assisted reproduction.
(2012)This study evaluated couples' perceptions of preparatory psychosocial counselling prior to participation in medically assisted reproduction (MAR). Eighty-three couples about to undergo IUI treatment were asked about their ... -
Hepcidin demonstrates a biphasic association with anemia in acute Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
(2012)Hepcidin levels are high and iron absorption is limited in acute malaria. The mechanism(s) that regulate hepcidin secretion remain undefined. We have measured hepcidin concentration and cytokines in 100 Kenyan children ... -
Evaluation of the use of a questionnaire to detect hearing loss in Kenyan pre-school children
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2001-03)In developing countries, there is a lack of trained personnel and testing equipment to facilitate the early detection of hearing impairment in children. A questionnaire offers a low cost option and the value of this for ... -
Virus load during primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) type 1 infection is related to the severity of acute HIV illness in Kenyan women.
(University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98104, USADepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2002)We evaluated the association between the severity of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) illness and HIV-1 plasma virus load before seroconversion using stored plasma samples obtained from 74 prostitutes ... -
Risk factors associated with the epilepsy treatment gap in Kilifi, Kenya: a cross-sectional study.
(2012)Many people with epilepsy in low-income countries do not receive appropriate biomedical treatment. This epilepsy treatment gap might be caused by patients not seeking biomedical treatment or not adhering to prescribed ... -
Evaluation of a proposed clinical case definition of paediatric acquired immune deficiency syndrome
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2002)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the proposed criteria against the laboratory parameters and to identify the clinical features with the highest predictive value in the diagnosis of paediatric AIDS. DESIGN: A cross sectional ... -
Development and validation of the Kilifi Epilepsy Beliefs and Attitude Scale
(2012)Epilepsy remains misunderstood, particularly in resource poor countries (RPC). We developed and validated a tool to assess beliefs and attitudes about epilepsy among people with epilepsy (PWE) in Kilifi, Kenya. The 50-item ... -
Topical quinolone vs. antiseptic for treating chronic suppurative otitis media: a randomized controlled trial.
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2005-02)OBJECTIVE: To compare a topical quinolone antibiotic (ciprofloxacin) with a cheaper topical antiseptic (boric acid) for treating chronic suppurative otitis media in children. DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING ... -
Neurodevelopmental disorders in low- and middle-income countries.
(2012)Effective prevention and treatment of infectious diseases has led to a significant decrease in childhood mortality over the last decade in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This is likely to increase the prevalence ... -
Vitamin A deficiency and the acute phase response among HIV-1-infected and -uninfected women in Kenya
(Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle 98104-2499, USADepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2002)Among HIV-1-infected individuals, vitamin A deficiency has been associated with faster disease progression and greater infectivity in observational studies, but randomized clinical trials have shown no effect of vitamin A ... -
Caring for children with physical disability in Kenya: potential links between caregiving and carers' physical health.
(2013)The health of a carer is a key factor which can affect the well-being of the child with disabilities for whom they care. In low-income countries, many carers of children with disabilities contend with poverty, limited ... -
Epilepsy in poor regions of the world.
(2012)Epilepsy is a common disorder, particularly in poor areas of the world, and can have a devastating effect on people with the disorder and their families. The burden of epilepsy in low-income countries is more than twice ... -
The reasons for the epilepsy treatment gap in Kilifi, Kenya: using formative research to identify interventions to improve adherence to antiepileptic drugs
(2012)Many people with epilepsy (PWE) in resource-poor countries do not receive appropriate treatment, a phenomenon referred to as the epilepsy treatment gap (ETG). We conducted a qualitative study to explore the reasons for ... -
Human herpesvirus 8: seroprevalence and correlates in prostitutes in Mombasa, Kenya
(Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USADepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2003)Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection is very prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, but the role of sexual transmission has not been well characterized. HHV-8 seroprevalence and correlates were evaluated in a cohort of female ... -
The tympanic membrane displacement analyser for monitoring intracranial pressure in children.
(Department of Medical Physiology, School of Health Sciences, Kenyatta University, 2013)Raised intracranial pressure (ICP) is a potentially treatable cause of morbidity and mortality but tools for monitoring are invasive. We sought to investigate the utility of the tympanic membrane displacement (TMD) analyser ... -
Prevalence of active convulsive epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa and associated risk factors:
(2013)The prevalence of epilepsy in sub-Saharan Africa seems to be higher than in other parts of the world, but estimates vary substantially for unknown reasons. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors of active convulsive ... -
Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in eight African hospitals and Malta
(Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, PMB 12003, Lagos NigeriaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2003)Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a serious therapeutic problem worldwide, and its frequency in most African countries has not been reported. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence and ...
