Evaluation of oral toxicity level of ethyl acetate extract, from garlic (allium sativum) in onorrh dawleys rats as per oecd guidelines 423

Abstract

This study was undertaken to evaluate toxicological effects of garlic ethyl acetate extract and subsequently determine the LD50 to establish the safety of the extract in Sprague Dawleys’ Rats as per OECD guidelines 423. All rats, three per set, were sequentially administered with garlic ethyl acetate extract, first in a single dose of 300mg/kg, 2000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg of body weight, in that order respectively, to determine acute toxicity. Extra virgin oil acted as a control. The following parameters were observed keenly for any changes after 30min, 4h, 24h, 48h, 1wk and 2wks for each dose: body weight, skin color, eyes, Mucous membrane, salivation, lethargy, sleep, coma, convulsion, tremor, diarrhea, morbidity and mortality. All animals were subjected to gross necropsy and microscopic examination using standard pathological procedures and the following parts were observed; parts of the liver, lungs, heart, kidney, spleen and intestines (GIT).Dose increase from 300mg/kg, 2000mg/kg and 5000mg/kg body weight did not result to any death of the rats. No significant change was observed in all parameters used for gross necropsy and pathological change. Garlic contains compounds that are antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal. Garlic ethyl acetate extract is safe for human consumption.