Framework for evaluating ICT adoption and usage in higher institutions of learning in Somalia: a case of Mogadishu university management system (MUMS)

Abstract

The lack of inquiry and detailed knowledge regarding the existing structures within which the application of new information and communication technologies mostly in the management system is of concern more especially on the guarantee of a sustained process of adoption and usage in higher institutions of learning. This study has therefore been conducted with the main objective of customizing existing framework in order to evaluate ICT adoption and usage in higher institutions of learning in Somalia. The study specifically sought to investigate the pattern of usage of ICTs among various departments, choose appropriate model for investigating ICT adoption and usage in Mogadishu University and finally to use the model in a case study to measure the adoption and usage of ICT in Mogadishu University Management System (MUMS). The study considered four root constructs in the structural model adopted from the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework. They include performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions with three moderating factors that is attitude towards use, anxiety and self-efficacy. Primary data was collected through well-structured questionnaires enhancing validity and reliability. The paper considers various confidence intervals (99%, 95% and 90%) in evaluating the proposed framework based on the collected data. The study reveals that effort expectancy, social influence and facilitating conditions significantly influence behavioural intention to use the system whereas; anxiety and attitude towards use are shown to be significant moderators between social influence and behavioural intention to use the system. Also the study showed years stayed in current institution, marital status and working experience as significant moderators between the three main constructs and behavioural intention to use the system. Further, university education is found to be significant factor in moderating between behavioural intention to use the system and adoption and usage of Mogadishu University management system. based on the results, the study suggests for need by the ministries to developing right policies of attracting or influencing the potential users of ICT through relevant competitions and other subsidies while establishing more ICT centres and/or institutions which will boost acquisition of the knowledge of using the facility while making available relevant ICT systems thus facilitate the use of the technology. There is also a need for more systems with user friendly interface which may increase the behaviour towards usage of the system and consequential usage of the same system.