Linking attachment insecurity to increased conduct and behavioral problems in adolescents

Abstract

Background/Objectives: Research has suggested that there exists a significant link between insecure attachment and the development of psychopathology in adolescence as shown in increased conduct and behavioral problems. It is therefore due to the increase in behavioral problems among adolescents, that this study seeks to investigate the relationship between parental attachment status and development of conduct and behavioral problems among adolescents in Kenya. This study aimed to investigate attachment patterns in adolescence and their relationship to the development of conduct and behavioral problems; as well as to determine whether secure attachment serves a protective role in the development of later psychopathology. Method: The study used a cross-sectional descriptive study design. A sample of 137 students were recruited. The data was collected through use of questionnaires; a researcher designed questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic information, Strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) was used to screen behavior and the Vulnerable Attachment Scale Questionnaire (VASQ) was used to measure attachment. Analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Results: Participants showed high vulnerable attachment (89.9%); with those from low SES (94.2%) and middle SES (85.3%). 32.4% of the participants from the low SES had higher emotional or behavioral problems compared to those from the middle SES at 13.2%, that is, were categorized as ‘abnormal’ on the TDS. Conclusion: Adolescents from low SES have higher attachment difficulties than those from middle SES. It was also seen that their attachment style is more of avoidance than anxious style. It is therefore recommended that parents be educated on how to relate and respond to the needs of their children, as it has an impact on their emotional and psychological wellbeing