Youth radicalization as a tool for terrorism in East Africa: a case study of Kenya

Abstract

The overall aim of this study was to analyze youth radicalization as a tool for terrorism in Kenya. To achieve this, the study was guided by three objectives: analyze the involvement of youths in radicalization in Kenya, explore strategies for preventing and countering radicalization in Kenya and find out the challenges facing counter radicalization and counter-terrorism efforts in Kenya.. In order to do so the study applied the theoretical framework based on the theory of relative deprivation guided by the works of Ted Gurr on why men rebel and engage in political violence and how governments respond. The theory explains that ‘relative deprivation' denotes the tension that develops from a discrepancy between the “ought” and the “is” of collective value satisfaction, and that disposes men to violence. The study applied qualitative methodology, using both secondary and primary data sources such as questionnaires, books, journals, reports, legal provisions, among scholarly sources of data. The study found out the need for effective counter radicalization strategies in Kenya, while highlighting the dynamisms of terrorism in Kenya such as the ‘home grown’ aspects that must be examined and understood. The study thus, from the findings recommended for a multi-faceted approach to counter terrorism measure particularly in counter-radicalization where the Kenyan government applies the development approach. The study also recommended reforms in the judicial system so as to harmonize legal efforts with enforcement systems. The study also found the need for Kenya to develop a counterradicalization that will also feature de-radicalization of recruits.