University of Nairobi Institutional Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2681-2700 of 115151
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Recalibrating prognostic models to improve predictions of in-hospital child mortality in resource-limited settings
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: In an external validation study, model recalibration is suggested once there is evidence of poor model calibration but with acceptable discriminatory abilities. We identified four models, namely RISC-Malawi ... -
Delayed breast cancer presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Purpose: In this mixed-methods study, we evaluated the factors that contribute to delayed breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment at a Kenyan hospital. Methods: Individuals with a diagnosis of BC, either as a referral ... -
Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest ... -
Challenges and Opportunities in the Genetic Analysis of Inherited Retinal Dystrophies in Africa, a Literature Review
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a global problem that is largely unaddressed, especially in Africa. Black indigenous Africans are rarely represented in research that develops genetic tests and genetic therapies ... -
Assessment of gestational age at antenatal care visits among Kenyan women to inform delivery of a maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine in low- and middle-income countries
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines that are likely to be implementable in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are in final stages of clinical trials. Data on the number of women presenting ... -
The role of partners, parents and friends in shaping young women's reproductive choices in Peri-urban Nairobi: a qualitative study
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Contraceptive use among young women in Nairobi remains low despite high general knowledge of family planning (FP) methods. This paper draws on social norms theory to explore the role of key influencers (partners, ... -
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight and obese children seeking ambulatory healthcare in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: While linked to obesity and associated with an increased cardiovascular morbidity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an often-asymptomatic cause of chronic liver disease in children. Early detection ... -
Validation of the English and Swahili Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Use Among Adolescents in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Purpose: Our study aimed to validate culturally adapted English and Swahili versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for use with adolescents in Kenya. Criterion validity was determined with clinician-administered ... -
Breast Cancer Management in the Era of Covid-19; Key Issues, Contemporary Strategies, and Future Implications
(University of Nairobi, 2023)During the COVID-19 pandemic, several priority diseases were not getting sufficient attention. Whilst breast cancer is a fatal disease affecting millions worldwide, identification and management of these patients did not ... -
Herminthology: promoting gender equity in science and parasitology
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Gender inequity in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Medicine (STEM) fields, including parasitology, continues to limit the participation of women in scientific leadership and development. Here we highlight the aims ... -
Assessment of the effects of climate change on the occurrence of tomato invasive insect pests in Uganda
(University of Nairobi, 2023)The shift in the geographical spread of invasive pests in Africa has rarely been linked directly to climate change. However, it is predicted that environmental changes play a significant role in spreading and expanding ... -
Quality of inpatient paediatric and newborn care in district hospitals: WHO indicators, measurement, and improvement
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Poor-quality paediatric and neonatal care in district hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) was first highlighted more than 20 years ago. WHO recently developed more than 1000 paediatric and neonatal ... -
Increasing compliance with international pandemic law: international relations and new global health agreements
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Across multiple pandemics, global health governance institutions have struggled to secure the compliance of states with international legal and political commitments, ranging from data sharing to observing WHO guidance to ... -
Preparing for COVID-19: Household food insecurity and vulnerability to shocks in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)An understanding of the types of shocks that disrupt and negatively impact urban household food security is of critical importance to develop relevant and targeted food security emergency preparedness policies and responses, ... -
Food Insecurity and Dietary Deprivation: Migrant Households in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)The current study focuses on food consumption and dietary diversity among internal migrant households in Kenya using data from a city-wide household survey of Nairobi conducted in 2018. The paper examined whether migrant ... -
Effect of a Nurse-Led Intervention on Knowledge of the Modifiable Risk Behaviors of Cardiovascular Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Introduction: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has disproportionately burdened the low- and middle-income countries where awareness and detection rates remain very low. Interventions directed to promote the community's awareness ... -
Informal settlements, Covid-19 and sex workers in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)This paper highlights the challenges faced by female sex workers living and working in the urban informal settlements in Nairobi, Kenya, during the Covid-19 outbreak and the aftermath of the pandemic. Using data collected ... -
The impact of livestock interventions on nutritional outcomes of children younger than 5 years old and women in Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Nutrition-sensitive livestock interventions have the potential to improve the nutrition of communities that are dependent on livestock for their livelihoods by increasing the availability and access to animal-source ... -
Not just surveys and indicators: narratives capture what really matters for health system strengthening
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Health system strengthening remains elusive and challenging. Health systems in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa are frequently characterised as weak, with inadequate management and accountability mechanisms, and poor ... -
Rethinking the syndemic of tuberculosis and dysglycaemia: a Kenyan perspective on dysglycaemia as a neglected risk factor for tuberculosis
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: The END TB 2035 goal has a long way to go in low-income and low/middle-income countries (LICs and LMICs) from the perspective of a non-communicable disease (NCD) control interaction with tuberculosis (TB). The ...