University of Nairobi Institutional Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 34501-34520 of 116514
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Sexual and reproductive health services utilization by female sex workers is context-specific: results from a cross-sectional survey in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Abstract BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSWs) are extremely vulnerable to adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. To mitigate these risks, they require access to services covering not only HIV prevention ... -
Lay beliefs about hypertension among HIV-infected adults in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: Hypertension affects 23% of Kenyans and is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, hypertension awareness and treatment adherence is very low. We conducted a ... -
Toluidine blue 0.05% vital staining for the diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)IMPORTANCE: Clinical features are unreliable for distinguishing ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) from benign conjunctival lesions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adverse effects, accuracy, and interobserver ... -
A systematic review of interventions to improve prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission service delivery and promote retention.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: The success of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is dependent upon high retention of mother-infant pairs within these programmes. This is a systematic review to evaluate the ... -
Broad HIV-1 inhibition in vitro by vaccine-elicited cd8(+) t cells in African adults.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)We are developing a pan-clade HIV-1 T-cell vaccine HIVconsv, which could complement Env vaccines for prophylaxis and be a key to HIV cure. Our strategy focuses vaccine-elicited effector T-cells on functionally and structurally ... -
Unveiling Another Missing Piece in EBV-Driven Lymphomagenesis: EBV-Encoded MicroRNAs Expression in EBER-Negative Burkitt Lymphoma Cases.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a gammaherpesvirus linked to a number of lymphoid and epithelial malignancies, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in which its frequency ranges from 30% in sporadic cases to 100% in the endemic ... -
Variation in and risk factors for paediatric inpatient all-cause mortality in a low income setting: data from an emerging clinical information network.
(2017)BACKGROUND: Hospital mortality data can inform planning for health interventions and may help optimize resource allocation if they are reliable and appropriately interpreted. However such data are often not available ... -
Epidemiology and outcomes of injuries in Kenya: a Multisite surveillance study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Injury is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, accounting for over 5 million deaths each year. The injury burden is higher in low- and middle-income countries where more than 90% of injury-related ... -
Psychometric properties of the Ndetei-Othieno-Kathuku (NOK) scale: a mental health assessment tool for an African setting.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Research suggests that psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents are highly debilitating, with sparse resources for assessment and treatment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVES: The ... -
The potential impact and cost of focusing hiv prevention on young women and men: a modeling analysis in Western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: We compared the impact and costs of HIV prevention strategies focusing on youth (15-24 year-old persons) versus on adults (15+ year-old persons), in a high-HIV burden context of a large generalized ... -
Understanding patterns of injury in Kenya: analysis of a trauma registry data from a National Referral hospital.
(2017)BACKGROUND: Injuries contribute to a substantial proportion of the burden of disease in Kenya. Trauma registries can be a very useful source of data to understand patterns of injuries and serve to provide information ... -
Access and management of HIV-related diseases in resource-constrained settings: a workshop report.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)With advancement of medical interventions, the lifespan of people living with HIV has increased globally. However, low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) which bear the greatest burden of the HIV pandemic face a constant ... -
Design and implementation of the retinoblastoma collaborative laboratory.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to describe the design and implementation of a digital pathology laboratory, the Retinoblastoma Collaborative Laboratory (RbCoLab) in Kenya. METHOD: The RbCoLab is a central lab ... -
Management of type 2 diabetes mellitus by traditional medicine practitioners in Kenya--key informant interviews.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: Worldwide, plant based medicines are increasing in popularity due to perceptions of safety and efficacy. Herbalists in Kenya are widely consulted for the management of many diseases including Type 2 Diabetes ... -
Characterization of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis among patients admitted to Kenyatta national hospital: a retrospective cross-sectional study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe cutaneous reactions. There is scant literature on the characteristics and causes of these conditions in Kenyatta National ... -
Genetic markers associated with resistance to beta-lactam and quinolone antimicrobials in non-typhoidal salmonella isolates from humans and animals in central Ethiopia.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: Several risk factors including stavudine and age have been strongly associated with polyneuropathy. However, conflicting data exist on height as an independent risk factor in polyneuropathy. The objective ... -
A 56-day oral toxicity study of the aqueous extract of rapanea melanophloeos (l.) mez in rats.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)Rapanea melanophloeos is a tropical tree that is extensively utilized in African traditional medicine to treat helminthiases, tuberculosis, and heart-water. As with many other medicinal plants, there is insufficient ... -
Approaches to sustainable capacity building for cardiovascular disease care in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Cardiovascular diseases are approaching epidemic levels in Kenya and other low- and middle-income countries without accompanying effective preventive and therapeutic strategies. This is happening in the background of ... -
Diagnostic performance of smear microscopy and incremental yield of xpert in detection of pulmonary tuberculosis in Rwanda.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis control program of Rwanda is currently phasing in light emitting diode-fluorescent microscopy (LED-FM) as an alternative to Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) smear microscopy. This, alongside the newly introduced ... -
Selected ethno-medicinal plants from Kenya with in vitro activity against major African livestock pathogens belonging to the "Mycoplasma mycoides cluster".
(University of Nairobi, 2016)ETHNOPHARMOCOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Members of 'Mycoplasma mycoides cluster' are important ruminant pathogens in Africa. Diseases caused by these Mycoplasma negatively affect the agricultural sector especially in developing ...
