University of Nairobi Institutional Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 4361-4380 of 116514
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High prevalence of vaccine-preventable anal human papillomavirus infections is associated with HIV infection among gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with anal cancers and is more prevalent in gay, bisexual, and men who have sex with men (gbMSM), partly due to their vulnerability to HIV infection. Baseline ... -
The femtech revolution-A new approach to pregnancy management: Digital transformation of maternity care-The hybrid e-health perinatal clinic addressing the unmet needs of low- and middle-income countries
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Prenatal care and infant mortality rates are crucial indicators of healthcare quality. However, millions of women in low-income countries lack access to adequate care. Factors such as high-risk pregnancies and unmanaged ... -
Community Insights in Phylogenetic HIV Research: The CIPHR Project Protocol
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Inferring HIV transmission networks from HIV sequences is gaining popularity in the field of HIV molecular epidemiology. However, HIV sequences are often analyzed at distance from those affected by HIV epidemics, namely ... -
In vivo antiplasmodial activities of stem bark extracts of Avicennia marina in Plasmodium berghei-infected mice
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Introduction: malaria remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developing tropical and subtropical nations. Due to the emergence and spread of drug resistance to currently available drugs, there is a need ... -
Shaping the Future of Africa-china Engagement
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Chinese information communication technology (ICT) multinational corporations (MNCs) have built the backbone infrastructure used by millions of internet users across Africa and the world (Cisse, 2012; Oreglia, 2012; ... -
Reconstruction of a polyclonal ADCC antibody repertoire from an HIV-1 non-transmitting mother
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Human natural history and vaccine studies support a protective role of antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity against many infectious diseases. One setting where this has consistently been observed is in ... -
Evolutionary mismatch and the role of GxE interactions in human disease
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Globally, we are witnessing the rise of complex, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) related to changes in our daily environments. Obesity, asthma, cardiovascular disease, and type 2 diabetes are part of a long list of ... -
Recalibrating prognostic models to improve predictions of in-hospital child mortality in resource-limited settings
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: In an external validation study, model recalibration is suggested once there is evidence of poor model calibration but with acceptable discriminatory abilities. We identified four models, namely RISC-Malawi ... -
Delayed breast cancer presentation, diagnosis, and treatment in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Purpose: In this mixed-methods study, we evaluated the factors that contribute to delayed breast cancer (BC) diagnosis and treatment at a Kenyan hospital. Methods: Individuals with a diagnosis of BC, either as a referral ... -
Aflatoxin contamination of maize and groundnut in Burundi: Distribution of contamination, identification of causal agents and potential biocontrol genotypes of Aspergillus flavus
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Aflatoxin contamination of the staples maize and groundnut is a concern for health and economic impacts across sub-Saharan Africa. The current study (i) determined aflatoxin levels in maize and groundnut collected at harvest ... -
Challenges and Opportunities in the Genetic Analysis of Inherited Retinal Dystrophies in Africa, a Literature Review
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) are a global problem that is largely unaddressed, especially in Africa. Black indigenous Africans are rarely represented in research that develops genetic tests and genetic therapies ... -
Assessment of gestational age at antenatal care visits among Kenyan women to inform delivery of a maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine in low- and middle-income countries
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Maternal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines that are likely to be implementable in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) are in final stages of clinical trials. Data on the number of women presenting ... -
The role of partners, parents and friends in shaping young women's reproductive choices in Peri-urban Nairobi: a qualitative study
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: Contraceptive use among young women in Nairobi remains low despite high general knowledge of family planning (FP) methods. This paper draws on social norms theory to explore the role of key influencers (partners, ... -
Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in overweight and obese children seeking ambulatory healthcare in Nairobi, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Background: While linked to obesity and associated with an increased cardiovascular morbidity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an often-asymptomatic cause of chronic liver disease in children. Early detection ... -
Validation of the English and Swahili Adaptation of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 for Use Among Adolescents in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Purpose: Our study aimed to validate culturally adapted English and Swahili versions of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for use with adolescents in Kenya. Criterion validity was determined with clinician-administered ... -
Breast Cancer Management in the Era of Covid-19; Key Issues, Contemporary Strategies, and Future Implications
(University of Nairobi, 2023)During the COVID-19 pandemic, several priority diseases were not getting sufficient attention. Whilst breast cancer is a fatal disease affecting millions worldwide, identification and management of these patients did not ... -
Herminthology: promoting gender equity in science and parasitology
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Gender inequity in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Medicine (STEM) fields, including parasitology, continues to limit the participation of women in scientific leadership and development. Here we highlight the aims ... -
Assessment of the effects of climate change on the occurrence of tomato invasive insect pests in Uganda
(University of Nairobi, 2023)The shift in the geographical spread of invasive pests in Africa has rarely been linked directly to climate change. However, it is predicted that environmental changes play a significant role in spreading and expanding ... -
Quality of inpatient paediatric and newborn care in district hospitals: WHO indicators, measurement, and improvement
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Poor-quality paediatric and neonatal care in district hospitals in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) was first highlighted more than 20 years ago. WHO recently developed more than 1000 paediatric and neonatal ... -
Increasing compliance with international pandemic law: international relations and new global health agreements
(University of Nairobi, 2023)Across multiple pandemics, global health governance institutions have struggled to secure the compliance of states with international legal and political commitments, ranging from data sharing to observing WHO guidance to ...
