University of Nairobi Institutional Repository: Recent submissions
Now showing items 66121-66140 of 116514
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Spontaneous occurrence of leptomonads in human bone marrow aspirate - case report.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 1983-04) -
Cellular immune responses of schistosomiasis patients are altered by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coinfection.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2001)In vitro studies suggest that CD4(+) cells with a T helper 2 (Th2) phenotype better support human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication than do cells of the Th1 phenotype. As a result, Th2-type immune responses ... -
Resistance to reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni in occupationally exposed adults and effect of HIV-1 co-infection on susceptibility to schistosomiasis: a longitudinal study.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2002)Abstract BACKGROUND: Previous studies have reported age-dependent development of resistance to reinfection by schistosomes and identified immunological correlates of this resistance. However, whether resistance exists ... -
Increased density of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 on the surfaces of CD4(+) T cells and monocytes of patients with Schistosoma mansoni infection..
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2003)Abstract Distribution of chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4, which are also coreceptors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 invasion of cells, was measured on the surfaces of CD4(+) T cells and monocytes in peripheral ... -
Geographic distribution of schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths in Western Kenya: implications for anthelminthic mass treatment., , , , , ,.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2003)Abstract A survey of 1,246 children 10-12 years old in 32 primary schools in Kenya near Lake Victoria was conducted to determine prevalence and distribution of schistosome and geohelminth infections. Stool and urine ... -
Studies on schistosomiasis in western Kenya: II. Efficacy of praziquantel for treatment of schistosomiasis in persons coinfected with human immunodeficiency virus-1
(University of Nairobi,Centre for HIV prevention and research, 1998-08)Praziquantel is the drug of choice for schistosomiasis chemotherapy. Although the exact mechanism of how praziquantel kills schistosomes remains poorly understood, the immune response of the host is an important factor in ... -
Interactions between schistosomiasis and human immunodeficiency virus in Western Kenya
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2004)Abstract For the past ten years, we have been exploring the relationship between schistosomiasis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) and how coinfection with both agents may affect the pathology and progression of ... -
Short report: Evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in persons co-infected with Schistosoma mansoni and human immunodeficiency virus 1. , ,, , , .
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2004)Abstract To investigate whether infection with human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) affects fibrosis development in patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni, we evaluated schistosomiasis-induced pathology in the ... -
Short report: Childhood coinfections with plasmodium falciparum and Scistosoma mansoni result in lower percentages of activated T cells and T regulatory memory cells than Schistosomiasis only
(University of NairobiSchool of Public Health, 2009-08)Flow cytometric analyses were performed to evaluate HLA-DR (+) activated T lymphocytes (Tact; CD3 (+)/CD4 (+)/CD25(medium)) and T regulatory cells (Treg; CD3 (+)/CD4(+)/CD25(high)) in the circulation of children 8-10 years ... -
Correlation between eosinophils and protection against reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni and the effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coinfection in humans.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2006-04)Longitudinal investigations of an adult male population of Kenyan car washers who have heavy and quantifiable occupational exposure to Schistosoma mansoni cercariae revealed that some individuals develop resistance to ... -
Higher percentages of circulating mast cell precursors correlate with susceptibility to reinfection with Schistosoma mansoni.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Sciences, 2006-12)A high level of serum IgE is generally associated with human resistance to schistosomes, though the protective mechanisms of IgE remain undefined. We recently reported that whereas some individuals who are occupationally ... -
T regulatory cell levels decrease in people infected with Schistosoma mansoni on effective treatment.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2007-10)Schistosomiasis mansoni is usually a chronic infection that leads to long-term, systemic exposure to schistosome antigens. Experimental Schistosoma mansoni infection is associated with immunoregulatory mechanisms, including ... -
Reduced susceptibility to praziquantel among naturally occurring Kenyan isolates of Schistosoma mansoni
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2009-08)BACKGROUND: The near exclusive use of praziquantel (PZQ) for treatment of human schistosomiasis has raised concerns about the possible emergence of drug-resistant schistosomes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We measured ... -
Human papillomavirus infection and cervical abnormalities in Nairobi, Kenya, an area with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2008-05)Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical abnormalities, and their association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection were studied in 488 women who visited a health center in Nairobi. PCR-based HPV and ... -
The application of bovine brain microvessel endothelial-cell monolayers grown onto polycarbonate membranes in vitro to estimate the potential permeability of solutes through the blood-brain barrier
(1989)Previously our laboratory (Rim et al., Int. J. Pharm. 32:79-84. 1986) described an in vitro blood-brain barrier (BBB) model consisting of cultured bovine brain microvessel endothelial cells (BMECs) grown onto regenerated ... -
Influence of exposure history o the immunology and development of resistance to human Schistosomiasis mansoni
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2010-03)BACKGROUND: Previous studies suggest that humans can acquire immunity to reinfection with schistosomes, most probably due to immunologic mechanisms acquired after exposure to dying schistosome worms. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL ... -
The life history and in vivo culture of Coelomomyces utahensis (Blastocladiomycetes).
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2009-01)Coelomomyces utahensis is a fungal parasite of several genera of mosquitoes that inhabit rock-pools in southern Utah. Studies of the biology of Coelomomyces and their potential use in biological control of mosquitoes have ... -
Effect of induction-delivery and uterine-delivery on apgar scoring of the newborn
(1991)Very short or prolonged induction-delivery interval (i.e. less than 5 minutes or more than 15 minutes) and uterine-delivery interval of more than 90 seconds has a definite effect on the apgar scoring of a newborn especially ... -
Circulating CD23+ B cell subset correlates with the development of resistance to Schistosoma mansoni reinfection in occupationally exposed adults who have undergone multiple treatments.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2009-01)BACKGROUND: Elevated immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels are often associated with resistance to reinfection in human schistosomiasis. However, Although B cells are the source of schistosome-specific IgE, little is known about ... -
Increases in levels of schistosome-specific immunoglobulin E and CD23 (+) B cells in a cohort of Kenyan children undergoing repeated treatment and reinfection with schistosoma mansoni.
(University of NairobiCollege of Health Science, 2010-08)BACKGROUND: Age prevalence curves for areas in which schistosomiasis is endemic suggest that humans develop partial immunity to reinfection beginning in early adolescence. We conducted a 2-year longitudinal study to ...
