ASPECT IN ENGLISH

Abstract

The theoretical assumptions underlying the ensuing study of aspect in English are expounded; preference is stated for a framework of transformational case grammar enriched by certain hypotheses of generative semantics. A reanalysis of predication in English is proposed, and the grammatical function predicator is informally defined. Chapter H - A distinction is made between ’aspect1 and ’aktionsart’ and the' scope of reference for the grammatical category aspect is defined in terms of stages in the development of an event. Constraints are placed on the application of the term to forms in natural languages. Chapter HI - The meaning of the term ’an event’ is defined. Chapter IV - Prima facie evidence is presented to suggest. there is a grammatical category aspect in English realised as progressive (be + Ving) aorist [simple] (V), and perfective (have + Vn). Chapter V - Various descriptions of the meaning and function of the progressive are considered. It is found that it indicates an ’incomplete activity’ and falls within the scope of the grammatical category aspect as defined in Chapter II. A diachronic study of the. Progressive was found to be revealing of its underlying structure in— present day English, Progressive aspect appears in deep structure as a predicator on the preposition, dominating semantic elements that correspond to the description ’incomplete activity. Chapter VI Various descriptions of the meaning and function of the simple form are considered and irrespective of tense,' it is found 'to represent the null hr aorist- aspect as defined in Chapter II.