Browsing College of Health Sciences (CHS) by Issue Date
Now showing items 21-40 of 44
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Perceived general health in relation to oral health status in a rural Kenyan elderly population
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background: This study aimed to determine the present oral health status of the rural Kenyan elderly population and to investigate whether oral health status is associated with the perceived general health. Methods: A ... -
High Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Clostridioides difficile Following Extensive Use of Antimicrobials in Hospitalized Patients in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Introduction Clostridioides difficile is a neglected pathogen in many African countries as it is generally not regarded as one of the major contributors toward the diarrheal disease burden in the continent. However, several ... -
Differential Elevation of Inflammation and CD4+ T Cell Activation in Kenyan Female Sex Workers and Non-Sex Workers Using Depot-Medroxyprogesterone Acetate.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background Depot Medroxyprogesterone (DMPA) is one of the most widely used contraceptives in Sub-Saharan Africa where HIV incidence is high. We explored the effect of DMPA on the activation of HIV cellular targets and ... -
Reframing Non-Communicable Diseases and Injuries for Equity in the Era of Universal Health Coverage: Findings and Recommendations from the Kenya NCDI Poverty Commission.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background: Kenya has implemented a robust response to non-communicable diseases and injuries (NCDIs); however, key gaps in health services for NCDIs still exist in the attainment of Universal Health Coverage (UHC). The ... -
Effect of umbilical cord milking versus delayed cord clamping on preterm neonates in Kenya: A randomized controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background Delayed cord clamping (DCC) is a placental to new-born transfusion strategy recommended by obstetric and gynaecological societies. Though not widely adopted, umbilical cord milking (UCM) may achieve faster ... -
Policy and research frame of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic: reflections on urban informality.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)How has the informality of urban slums exposed a gap in policy formulation and research questions in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic? This paper seeks to identify the appropriate questions and ... -
Skewed logit model for analyzing correlated infant morbidity data.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background Infant morbidity is a topic of interest because it is used globally as an indicator of the status of health care in a country. A large body of evidence supports an association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) ... -
Impact of being an adolescent mother on subsequent maternal health, parenting, and child development in Kenyan low-income and high adversity informal settlement context.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background Women who have experienced adolescent pregnancy and early motherhood are disproportionately affected in terms of their health and parenting capabilities, as well as their offspring’s health. Guided by Stress ... -
Performance of International AIDS Vaccine Initiative African clinical research laboratories in standardised ELISpot and peripheral blood mononuclear cell processing in support of HIV vaccine clinical trials.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)Background Standardisation of procedures for performing cellular functional assays across laboratories participating in multicentre clinical trials is key for generating comparable and reliable data. Objective This ... -
How to do no harm: empowering local leaders to make care safer in low-resource settings.
(University of Nairobi, 2021)In a companion paper, we showed how local hospital leaders could assess systems and identify key safety concerns and targets for system improvement. In the present paper, we consider how these leaders might implement ... -
We Asked the Experts: The Tropical Surgeon: Everywhere in Chains But Not Imprisoned
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Surgical practice in the tropics very much reminds one of the famous quote attributed to Jean-Jacques Rousseau: ‘‘Man is born free, but he is everywhere in chains’’. The numerous and onerous challenges of tropical ... -
Perinatal depression and its impact on infant outcomes and maternal-nurse SMS communication in a cohort of Kenyan women
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background: Perinatal depression is broadly defined as depressive symptoms during pregnancy or within the 12 months following delivery, affecting approximately 20-25% of pregnant and postpartum women in low- and middle-income ... -
Factors associated with hospital length of stay in patients admitted with suspected malaria in Kenya: secondary analysis of a cross-sectional survey
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Objectives: To investigate factors associated with hospital length of stay (LOS) in patients admitted with suspected malaria using a competing risk approach. Setting: County government referrals and major faith-based ... -
Antenatal depressive symptoms in Kenyan women living with HIV: contributions of recent HIV diagnosis, stigma, and partner violence
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Depression among pregnant women living with HIV (WLWH) in sub-Saharan Africa leads to poor pregnancy and HIV outcomes. This cross-sectional analysis utilized enrollment data from a randomized trial (Mobile WAChX, NCT02400671) ... -
Assessment of independent comorbidities and comorbidity measures in predicting healthcare facility-onset Clostridioides difficile infection in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Introduction: Clostridioides difficile is primarily associated with hospital-acquired diarrhoea. The disease burden is aggravated in patients with comorbidities due to increased likelihood of polypharmacy, extended hospital ... -
Interferon Gamma Release Assay and Tuberculin Skin Test Performance in Pregnant Women Living With and Without HIV
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background: HIV and pregnancy may affect latent TB infection (LTBI) diagnostics. Tuberculin skin test (TST) and newer generation QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus (QFT-Plus) evaluations in pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) and ... -
A systematic review of clinical, epidemiological and demographic predictors of tuberculosis in children with pneumonia
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Background: Tuberculosis (TB) can present as acute, severe pneumonia in children, but features which distinguish TB from other causes of pneumonia are not well understood. We conducted a systematic review to determine the ... -
Determinants of survival outcomes among esophageal cancer patients at a national referral hospital in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Introduction: The overall 5-year survival rate for esophageal cancer patients in low- and middle-income countries was reported to be low, despite the availability of advanced treatments. Thus, this study aimed to assess ... -
Defining No and Low (NoLo) Alcohol Products
(University of Nairobi, 2022)Reducing the alcoholic strength in beverages as a strategy to reduce harmful alcohol use has been proposed by multilateral institutions such as the World Health Organization and governments worldwide. Different industrial ... -
Gender Norms and Family Planning Amongst Pastoralists in Kenya: a Qualitative Study in Wajir and Mandera
(University of Nairobi, 2022)There is growing recognition among global health practitioners of the importance of rights-based family planning (FP) programming that addresses inequities. Despite Kenya achieving its national FP target, inequities in ...