Effects of the government youth enterprise development fund in Kitui Central District, Kenya

Abstract

This study was conducted in Kitui central district. It was intended to investigate the effects of government youth enterprise development fund on the youth. With loans by governmental financial institutions (GFIs) and public guarantees of private loans, the presence of government intervention in small business finance is substantial. We fmd that startups, which borrow publicly assisted loans including GFIs' loans and publicly guaranteed loans, tend to be financially disadvantaged firms, which are young, independently established, and founded by poorly educated entrepreneurs.

Governments use a variety of instruments to provide direct support. to private enterprises. These include the provision of finance (subsidized and/or directed credit) and business development services (management and marketing advice to small businesses, agricultural extension services, support for enterprise level training and support to technology development). These interventions are distinct from those that support enterprises indirectly by establishing a policy and legal environment conducive to enterprise development. How effective have these direct support schemes been?

This paper attempted to provide some answers to this question by surveying the available literature on the effectiveness of direct support interventions. Where available, impact evaluations suggest that the performance has been mixed at best.

The evidence indicates that active intervention does not work unless the basic environment for private sector development is sound. Public policy thus needs to focus on creating an enabling environment, key elements of which include a sound legal and judicial system which supports low-cost contract enforcement, good infrastructure, a policy playing field which is level in terms of ease of registration, taxes and investment incentives for all enterprises - large and small, domestic and foreign.