Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2541-2560 of 29939
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The broiler meat system in Nairobi, Kenya: Using a value chain framework to understand animal and product flows, governance and sanitary risks.
(University of Nairobi, 2017-11)Livestock food systems play key subsistence and income generation roles in low to middle income countries and are important networks for zoonotic disease transmission. The aim of this study was to use a value chain framework ... -
Antimycoplasmal Activities of Compounds from Solanum aculeastrum and Piliostigma thonningii against Strains from the Mycoplasma mycoides Cluster.
(University of Nairobi, 2017-12)Infections caused by Mycoplasma species belonging to the 'mycoides cluster' negatively affect the agricultural sector through losses in livestock productivity. These Mycoplasma strains are resistant to many conventional ... -
Unclear association between levels of Plasmodium falciparum lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH) in saliva of malaria patients and blood parasitaemia: diagnostic implications?
(University of Nairobi, 2018)The use of saliva in diagnosis of infectious diseases is an attractive alternative to procedures that involve blood drawing. It promises to reduce risks associated with accidental needle pricks and improve patient compliance ... -
Urine TB lipoarabinomannan (LAM) predicts mortality in hospitalized HIV-infected children.
(University of Nairobi, 2018)Despite diagnostic performance limitations, urine lipoarabinomannan (LAM) predicts death in HIV-infected adults with TB. Pediatric data are limited. Among 137 hospitalized HIV-infected children, mortality was 4.9-fold ... -
Relative Deprivation, Protests and Voting in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2018)While protests and voting are forms of political participation, their theoretical and empirical literature has largely developed independently and remains unintegrated, despite a possible common causal mechanism. This ... -
Soil contamination from lead battery manufacturing and recycling in seven African countries.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-02)Lead battery recycling is a growing hazardous industry throughout Africa. We investigated potential soil contamination inside and outside formal sector recycling plants in seven countries. We collected 118 soil samples at ... -
HIV-infected women have high numbers of CD103-CD8+ T cells residing close to the basal membrane of the ectocervical epithelium.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Genital mucosa is the main portal of entry for various incoming pathogens, including HIV, hence an important site for host immune defenses. Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells defend tissue barriers against ... -
Scaling up implementation of ART: Organizational culture and early mortality of patients initiated on ART in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: Scaling up the antiretroviral (ART) program in Kenya has involved a strategy of using clinical guidelines coupled with decentralization of treatment sites. However decentralization pushes clinical responsibility ... -
Illness recognition and care-seeking for maternal and newborn complications in rural eastern Uganda.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: To enhance understanding of the roles of community-based initiatives in poor rural societies, we describe and explore illness recognition, decision-making, and appropriate care-seeking for mothers and newborn ... -
Cost and affordability of non-communicable disease screening, diagnosis and treatment in Kenya: Patient payments in the private and public sectors.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rising in low- and middle-income countries, including Kenya, disproportionately to the rest of the world. Our objective was to quantify patient payments ... -
Status of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Kwale County, Coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: The strategy for malaria vector control in the context of reducing malaria morbidity and mortality has been the scale-up of long-lasting insecticidal nets to universal coverage and indoor residual spraying. ... -
Evaluation of fluorescent in-situ hybridization technique for diagnosis of malaria in Ahero Sub-County hospital, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment of malaria in a timely manner could avert deaths. Treatment ultimately relies on the rapid and accurate diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization ... -
Malaria and Iron Load at the First Antenatal Visit in the Rural South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Is Iron Supplementation Safe or Could It Be Harmful.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)We investigated the relationship between malaria infection and iron status in 531 pregnant women in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Sociodemographic data, information on morbidity, and clinical data were ... -
Retinoblastoma, the visible CNS tumor: A review.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)The pediatric ocular cancer retinoblastoma is the only central nervous system (CNS) tumor readily observed without specialized equipment: it can be seen by, and in, the naked eye. This accessibility enables unique imaging ... -
Active ingredients of a person-centred intervention for people on HIV treatment: analysis of mixed methods trial data.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: A new model of care is required to meet the changing needs of people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in low and middle-income countries, where prevalence is highest. We evaluated a palliative care ... -
Endoglin inhibition leads to intussusceptive angiogenesis via activation of factors related to COUP-TFII signaling pathway.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Angiogenesis is a highly coordinated, extremely complex process orchestrated by multiple signaling molecules and blood flow conditions. While sprouting mode of angiogenesis is very well investigated, the molecular mechanisms ... -
Predictors of uptake of eye examination in people living with diabetes mellitus in three counties of Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant public health concern that is potentially blinding. Clinical practice guidelines recommend annual eye examination of patients with diabetes for early detection of DR. ... -
Characterization and productivity profiles of Aedes aegypti (L.) breeding habitats across rural and urban landscapes in western and coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti, the principal vector for dengue and other emerging arboviruses, breeds preferentially in various man-made and natural container habitats. In the absence of vaccine, epidemiological surveillance ... -
Evaluation of the Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Care Cascade Among HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Kenyan female sex workers (FSWs) have a high HIV prevalence, increasing their tuberculosis (TB) risk. Despite recommendations that HIV-positive individuals be offered isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), uptake ... -
Parents' and teachers' views on sexual health education and screening for sexually transmitted infections among in-school adolescent girls in Kenya: a qualitative study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: To successfully develop and implement school-based sexual health interventions for adolescent girls, such as screening for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis, it is important ...
