Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2541-2560 of 29894
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Simulated patient encounters to improve adolescent retention in HIV care in Kenya: study protocol of a stepped-wedge randomized controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Adolescent-friendly policies aim to tailor HIV services for adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years (AYA) to promote health outcomes and improve retention in HIV care and treatment. However, few interventions ... -
Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Mombasa, Kenya: Feasibility, Prevalence, and Correlates.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: As adolescents and young women become sexually active, they are at risk of adverse reproductive health outcomes including sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We assessed feasibility and acceptability of ... -
Stakeholder perspectives for optimization of tuberculosis contact investigation in a high-burden setting.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: Optimal tuberculosis contact investigation impacts TB prevention, timely case finding and linkage to care, however data on routine implementation in high burden contexts is limited. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In ... -
Preventing HIV infection without targeting the virus: how reducing HIV target cells at the genital tract is a new approach to HIV prevention.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)For over three decades, HIV infection has had a tremendous impact on the lives of individuals and public health. Microbicides and vaccines studies have shown that immune activation at the genital tract is a risk factor for ... -
CD161 identifies polyfunctional Th1/Th17 cells in the genital mucosa that are depleted in HIV-infected female sex workers from Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)CD161 identifies a subset of circulating Th17 cells that are depleted in the blood and gut of HIV-infected individuals. In the female reproductive tract (FRT), the pattern of CD161 expression on CD4+ cells remains unknown. ... -
Collaboration between biomedical and complementary and alternative care providers: barriers and pathways.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)We examined the scope of collaborative care for persons with mental illness as implemented by traditional healers, faith healers, and biomedical care providers. We conducted semistructured focus group discussions in Ghana, ... -
Medical Education Partnership Initiative gives birth to AFREhealth.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)The African Forum for Research and Education in Health (AFREhealth) held its first symposium in Accra, Ghana, between Aug 1 and Aug 3, 2017. This new organisation is committed to developing health professionals' education ... -
Clinical characteristics and 12-month outcomes of patients with valvular and non-valvular atrial fibrillation in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a major contributor to the global cardiovascular disease burden. The clinical profile and outcomes of AF patients with valvular heart diseases in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) have not ... -
Protocol of a randomised controlled trial characterising the immune responses induced by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccination in healthy Kenyan women: setting the stage for a potential VZV-based HIV vaccine.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: A protective HIV vaccine would be expected to induce durable effector immune responses at the mucosa, restricting HIV infection at its portal of entry. We hypothesise that use of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) ... -
'I stayed with my illness': a grounded theory study of health seeking behaviour and treatment pathways of patients with obstetric fistula in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Obstetric fistula classic symptoms of faecal and urinary incontinence cause women to live with social stigma, isolation, psychological trauma and lose their source of livelihoods. There is a paucity of studies ... -
Caregiver burden and correlates among caregivers of children and adolescents with psychiatric morbidity: a descriptive cross sectional study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: To determine levels and correlates of caregiver burden among caregivers of children and adolescents with psychiatric morbidity. METHOD: Over a period of four months, a total of 252 caregivers of children ... -
Temporal genetic differentiation in Glossina pallidipes tsetse fly populations in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Glossina pallidipes is a major vector of both Human and Animal African Trypanosomiasis (HAT and AAT) in Kenya. The disease imposes economic burden on endemic regions in Kenya, including south-western Kenya, ... -
Collaborative shared care to improve psychosis outcome (COSIMPO): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Psychotic disorders are a group of severe mental disorders that cause considerable disability to sufferers and a high level of burden to families. In many low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), traditional ... -
Post-abortion care with misoprostol - equally effective, safe and accepted when administered by midwives compared to physicians: a randomised controlled equivalence trial in a low-resource setting in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of midwives administering misoprostol to women with incomplete abortion seeking post-abortion care (PAC), compared with physicians. DESIGN: A multicentre randomised controlled ... -
Assessing adherence to antihypertensive therapy in primary health care in Namibia: findings and implications.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: Namibia has the highest burden and incidence of hypertension in sub-Sahara Africa. Though non-adherence to antihypertensive therapy is an important cardiovascular risk factor, little is known about potential ... -
High-yield HIV testing, facilitated linkage to care, and prevention for female youth in Kenya (Girls study): implementation science protocol for a priority population.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Sub-Saharan Africa is the region with the highest HIV burden. Adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) in the age range of 15 to 24 years are twice as likely as their male peers to be infected, making females ... -
National burden of hospitalized and non-hospitalized influenza-associated severe acute respiratory illness in Kenya, 2012-2014.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Influenza-associated respiratory illness was substantial during the emergence of the 2009 influenza pandemic. Estimates of influenza burden in the post-pandemic period are unavailable to guide Kenyan vaccine ... -
2-Butanone as a carbon dioxide mimic in attractant blends for the Afrotropical malaria mosquitoes Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Most odour baits designed to attract host-seeking mosquitoes contain carbon dioxide (CO2), which enhances trap catches, given its role as a mosquito flight activator. However, the use of CO2 is expensive and ... -
Secondary bacterial infections and antibiotic resistance among tungiasis patients in Western, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Tungiasis or jigger infestation is a parasitic disease caused by the female sand flea Tunga penetrans. Secondary infection of the lesions caused by this flea is common in endemic communities. This study sought to shed light ... -
Current status of insecticide resistance among malaria vectors in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Insecticide resistance has emerged as one of the major challenges facing National Malaria Control Programmes in Africa. A well-coordinated national database on insecticide resistance (IRBase) can facilitate ...