Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2601-2620 of 29992
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Scaling up implementation of ART: Organizational culture and early mortality of patients initiated on ART in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: Scaling up the antiretroviral (ART) program in Kenya has involved a strategy of using clinical guidelines coupled with decentralization of treatment sites. However decentralization pushes clinical responsibility ... -
Illness recognition and care-seeking for maternal and newborn complications in rural eastern Uganda.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: To enhance understanding of the roles of community-based initiatives in poor rural societies, we describe and explore illness recognition, decision-making, and appropriate care-seeking for mothers and newborn ... -
Cost and affordability of non-communicable disease screening, diagnosis and treatment in Kenya: Patient payments in the private and public sectors.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)INTRODUCTION: The prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is rising in low- and middle-income countries, including Kenya, disproportionately to the rest of the world. Our objective was to quantify patient payments ... -
Status of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in Kwale County, Coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: The strategy for malaria vector control in the context of reducing malaria morbidity and mortality has been the scale-up of long-lasting insecticidal nets to universal coverage and indoor residual spraying. ... -
Evaluation of fluorescent in-situ hybridization technique for diagnosis of malaria in Ahero Sub-County hospital, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: Malaria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Treatment of malaria in a timely manner could avert deaths. Treatment ultimately relies on the rapid and accurate diagnosis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization ... -
Malaria and Iron Load at the First Antenatal Visit in the Rural South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo: Is Iron Supplementation Safe or Could It Be Harmful.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)We investigated the relationship between malaria infection and iron status in 531 pregnant women in South Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo. Sociodemographic data, information on morbidity, and clinical data were ... -
Retinoblastoma, the visible CNS tumor: A review.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)The pediatric ocular cancer retinoblastoma is the only central nervous system (CNS) tumor readily observed without specialized equipment: it can be seen by, and in, the naked eye. This accessibility enables unique imaging ... -
Active ingredients of a person-centred intervention for people on HIV treatment: analysis of mixed methods trial data.
(University of Nairobi, 2018-01)BACKGROUND: A new model of care is required to meet the changing needs of people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in low and middle-income countries, where prevalence is highest. We evaluated a palliative care ... -
Endoglin inhibition leads to intussusceptive angiogenesis via activation of factors related to COUP-TFII signaling pathway.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Angiogenesis is a highly coordinated, extremely complex process orchestrated by multiple signaling molecules and blood flow conditions. While sprouting mode of angiogenesis is very well investigated, the molecular mechanisms ... -
Predictors of uptake of eye examination in people living with diabetes mellitus in three counties of Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a significant public health concern that is potentially blinding. Clinical practice guidelines recommend annual eye examination of patients with diabetes for early detection of DR. ... -
Characterization and productivity profiles of Aedes aegypti (L.) breeding habitats across rural and urban landscapes in western and coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Aedes aegypti, the principal vector for dengue and other emerging arboviruses, breeds preferentially in various man-made and natural container habitats. In the absence of vaccine, epidemiological surveillance ... -
Evaluation of the Isoniazid Preventive Therapy Care Cascade Among HIV-Positive Female Sex Workers in Mombasa, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Kenyan female sex workers (FSWs) have a high HIV prevalence, increasing their tuberculosis (TB) risk. Despite recommendations that HIV-positive individuals be offered isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT), uptake ... -
Parents' and teachers' views on sexual health education and screening for sexually transmitted infections among in-school adolescent girls in Kenya: a qualitative study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: To successfully develop and implement school-based sexual health interventions for adolescent girls, such as screening for Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis, it is important ... -
Soil iron and aluminium concentrations and feet hygiene as possible predictors of Podoconiosis occurrence in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Podoconiosis (mossy foot) is a neglected non-filarial elephantiasis considered to be caused by predisposition to cumulative contact of uncovered feet to irritative red clay soil of volcanic origins in the ... -
Risk indicators and effects of hypertension on HIV/AIDS disease progression among patients seen at Kenyatta hospital HIV care center.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)There is paucity of data on prevalence of hypertension and its effects on HIV/AIDS progression among patients at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH), Kenya. This was a cross sectional study conducted between January and May ... -
The incidence of first-line antiretroviral treatment changes and related factors among HIV-infected sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: In many settings, several factors including adverse drug reactions and clinical failure can limit treatment choices for combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). The aim of the study was to describe the incidence ... -
Characteristics of Aedes aegypti adult mosquitoes in rural and urban areas of western and coastal Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Aedes aegypti is the main vector for yellow fever, dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses. Recent outbreaks of dengue and chikungunya have been reported in Kenya. Presence and abundance of this vector is associated with the ... -
Bone mineral density and risk of type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease: A Mendelian randomization study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background: Observational studies have demonstrated that increased bone mineral density is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the relationship with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) is less ... -
Application of probabilistic modeling to quantify the reduction levels of hepatocellular carcinoma risk attributable to chronic aflatoxins exposure.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Epidemiological studies show a definite connection between areas of high aflatoxin content and a high occurrence of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Hepatitis B virus in individuals further increases the risk of HCC. ... -
Determinants of contraceptive use among postpartum women in a county hospital in rural KENYA.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: There is a high unmet need for limiting and spacing child births during the postpartum period. Given the consequences of closely spaced births, and the benefits of longer pregnancy intervals, targeted activities ...
