Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2621-2640 of 29939
-
Utility of Different Adherence Measures for PrEP: Patterns and Incremental Value.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Measuring PrEP adherence remains challenging. In 2009-2010, the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative randomized phase II trial participants to daily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine or placebo in Uganda and ... -
Kenya's mental health law.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Kenya's Mental Health Act 1989 is now outdated. It is a signatory to international rights conventions that provide for state protection of the rights of people with mental illness, their property and their treatment. There ... -
Association of high-risk sexual behaviour with diversity of the vaginal microbiota and abundance of Lactobacillus.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: To compare the vaginal microbiota of women engaged in high-risk sexual behaviour (sex work) with women who are not engaged in high-risk sexual behaviour. Diverse vaginal microbiota, low in Lactobacillus species, ... -
Does audit and feedback improve the adoption of recommended practices? Evidence from a longitudinal observational study of an emerging clinical network in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Audit and feedback (A&F) is widely used in healthcare but there are few examples of how to deploy it at scale in low-income countries. Establishing the Clinical Information Network (CIN) in Kenya provided an ... -
Temperature and heat in informal settlements in Nairobi.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Nairobi, Kenya exhibits a wide variety of micro-climates and heterogeneous surfaces. Paved roads and high-rise buildings interspersed with low vegetation typify the central business district, while large neighborhoods of ... -
Quantifying the intensity of permethrin insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes in western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: The development and spread of resistance among local vectors to the major classes of insecticides used in Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) and Indoor Residual Spraying (IRS) poses a major challenge to ... -
Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 9 polymorphism is associated with increased Epstein-Barr virus and Cytomegalovirus acquisition in HIV-exposed infants.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Polymorphisms in the Toll-Like Receptor (TLR9) 1635 locus have been associated with HIV-1 acquisition and progression. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) acquisition were compared between Kenyan HIV-exposed ... -
The incidence of first-line antiretroviral treatment changes and related factors among HIV-infected sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)INTRODUCTION: In many settings, several factors including adverse drug reactions and clinical failure can limit treatment choices for combined antiretroviral therapy (cART). The aim of the study was to describe the incidence ... -
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Bacteria Isolated from the Nasal Cavity of Camels in Samburu, Nakuru, and Isiolo Counties of Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)This study was designed to determine antimicrobial resistance profiles of bacteria isolated from the nasal cavity of healthy camels. A total of 255 nasal samples (swabs) were collected in Isiolo, Samburu, and Nakuru counties, ... -
Urgent versus post-stabilisation antiretroviral treatment in hospitalised HIV-infected children in Kenya (PUSH): a randomised controlled trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Urgent antiretroviral therapy (ART) among hospitalised HIV-infected children might accelerate recovery or worsen outcomes associated with immune reconstitution. We aimed to compare urgent versus post-stabilisation ... -
Identification of spiroplasmainsolitum symbionts in anopheles gambiae.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background: Insect symbionts have the potential to block the transmission of vector-borne diseases by their hosts. The advancement of a symbiont-based transmission blocking strategy for malaria requires the identification ... -
Urban livestock keeping in the city of Nairobi: diversity of production systems, supply chains, and their disease management and risks.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Urban livestock keeping in developing cities have an important role in food security and livelihoods but can also pose a significant threat to the environment and health of urban dwellers. The aim of this study was to ... -
Developing a bacteriophage cocktail for biocontrol of potato bacterial wilt
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Bacterial wilt is a devastating disease of potato and can cause an 80% production loss. To control wilt using bacteriophage therapy, we isolated and characterized twelve lytic bacteriophages from different water sources ... -
Where does it come from?" experiences among survivors and parents of children with retinoblastoma in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Genetic testing and counseling have become integral to the timely control of heritable cancers, like the childhood eye cancer retinoblastoma. This study aimed to determine attitudes, knowledge and experiences related to ... -
Association between non-barrier modern contraceptive use and condomless sex among HIV-positive female sex workers in Mombasa, Kenya: A prospective cohort analysis.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: As access to antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa continues to expand, more women with HIV can expect to survive through their reproductive years. Modern contraceptives can help women choose the timing ... -
Improving skills and institutional capacity to strengthen adolescent immunisation programmes and health systems in African countries through HPV vaccine introduction.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Several African countries have recently introduced or are currently introducing the HPV vaccine, either nationwide or through demonstration projects, while some countries are planning for introduction. A collaborative ... -
Application of 19F NMR spectroscopy for content determination of fluorinated pharmaceuticals.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)A simple, rapid, and selective quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic method was evaluated for the determination of the content of fluorinated pharmaceuticals. 19F NMR spectra were either obtained in ... -
Cerebrospinal fluid markers to distinguish bacterial meningitis from cerebral malaria in children.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background. Few hospitals in high malaria endemic countries in Africa have the diagnostic capacity for clinically distinguishing acute bacterial meningitis (ABM) from cerebral malaria (CM). As a result, empirical use of ... -
Metabolic syndrome and its components among university students in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome refers to a cluster of interrelated disorders which occur together causing an increase in the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The university population is an understudied ... -
Occurrence, treatment protocols, and outcomes of colic in horses within Nairobi county, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the treatments and their outcomes in horses with colic in Nairobi County, Kenya. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a retrospective study to determine the occurrence, treatments, ...
