Journal Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2841-2860 of 29939
-
An Analysis of Section 4a of the Kenyan Income Tax Act, Hedging and Foreign Exchange Losses and Gains
(University of Nairobi, 2005)The one major drive in government policy in most developing countries, Kenya being no exception, has been to increase foreign direct investment. However, the need to provi,de a suitable tax system as a concomitant to ... -
Accountability and Health Care Marketization in Kenya: Why Reform Public Law
(University of Nairobi, 2005)A recent attempt by the Ministry of Health to establish a mandatory social health insurance scheme was vehemently opposed by various inter-est. groups, culminating in the withdrawal of the National Social Health Insurance ... -
Male partner circumcision associated with lower trichomonas vaginalis incidence among pregnant and postpartum kenyan women: a prospective cohort study.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Trichomonas vaginalis is the world's most common curable STI and has implications for reproductive health in women. We determined incidence and correlates of T. vaginalis in an HIV-uninfected peripartum ... -
Genital HSV shedding among kenyan women initiating antiretroviral therapy.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVES: Genital ulcer disease (GUD) prevalence increases in the first month of antiretroviral treatment (ART), followed by a return to baseline prevalence by month 3. Since most GUD is caused by herpes simplex virus ... -
Impact of periodic presumptive treatment for bacterial vaginosis on the vaginal microbiome among women participating in the preventing vaginal infections trial.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Background.: Evidence suggests that specific vaginal bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV) may increase the risk of adverse health outcomes in women. Among women participating in a randomized, double-blinded ... -
Low risk of proximal tubular dysfunction associated with emtricitabine-tenofovir disoproxil fumarate preexposure prophylaxis in men and women.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) is associated with proximal tubular dysfunction (tubulopathy) when used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We evaluated whether TDF causes ... -
Cervical cancer prevention and treatment research in Africa: a systematic review from a public health perspective.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Women living in Africa experience the highest burden of cervical cancer. Research and investment to improve vaccination, screening, and treatment efforts are critically needed. We systematically reviewed and ... -
Evaluation of a systems analysis and improvement approach to optimize prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV using the consolidated framework for implementation research.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)BACKGROUND: Despite large investments to prevent mother-to-child-transmission (PMTCT), pediatric HIV elimination goals are not on track in many countries. The Systems Analysis and Improvement Approach (SAIA) study was ... -
HIV prevention and care-seeking behaviour among female sex workers in four cities in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)OBJECTIVE: To identify gaps in the use of HIV prevention and care services and commodities for female sex workers, we conducted a baseline cross-sectional survey in four cities, in the context of an implementation ... -
Sexual and reproductive health services utilization by female sex workers is context-specific: results from a cross-sectional survey in India, Kenya, Mozambique and South Africa.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Abstract BACKGROUND: Female sex workers (FSWs) are extremely vulnerable to adverse sexual and reproductive health (SRH) outcomes. To mitigate these risks, they require access to services covering not only HIV prevention ... -
Lay beliefs about hypertension among HIV-infected adults in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: Hypertension affects 23% of Kenyans and is the most prevalent modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Despite this, hypertension awareness and treatment adherence is very low. We conducted a ... -
Toluidine blue 0.05% vital staining for the diagnosis of ocular surface squamous neoplasia in Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)IMPORTANCE: Clinical features are unreliable for distinguishing ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) from benign conjunctival lesions. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the adverse effects, accuracy, and interobserver ... -
A systematic review of interventions to improve prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission service delivery and promote retention.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)INTRODUCTION: The success of prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is dependent upon high retention of mother-infant pairs within these programmes. This is a systematic review to evaluate the ... -
Broad HIV-1 inhibition in vitro by vaccine-elicited cd8(+) t cells in African adults.
(University of Nairobi, 2016)We are developing a pan-clade HIV-1 T-cell vaccine HIVconsv, which could complement Env vaccines for prophylaxis and be a key to HIV cure. Our strategy focuses vaccine-elicited effector T-cells on functionally and structurally ... -
Unveiling Another Missing Piece in EBV-Driven Lymphomagenesis: EBV-Encoded MicroRNAs Expression in EBER-Negative Burkitt Lymphoma Cases.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a gammaherpesvirus linked to a number of lymphoid and epithelial malignancies, including Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in which its frequency ranges from 30% in sporadic cases to 100% in the endemic ... -
Variation in and risk factors for paediatric inpatient all-cause mortality in a low income setting: data from an emerging clinical information network.
(2017)BACKGROUND: Hospital mortality data can inform planning for health interventions and may help optimize resource allocation if they are reliable and appropriately interpreted. However such data are often not available ... -
Epidemiology and outcomes of injuries in Kenya: a Multisite surveillance study.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Injury is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, accounting for over 5 million deaths each year. The injury burden is higher in low- and middle-income countries where more than 90% of injury-related ... -
Psychometric properties of the Ndetei-Othieno-Kathuku (NOK) scale: a mental health assessment tool for an African setting.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)BACKGROUND: Research suggests that psychiatric conditions in children and adolescents are highly debilitating, with sparse resources for assessment and treatment in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). OBJECTIVES: The ... -
The potential impact and cost of focusing hiv prevention on young women and men: a modeling analysis in Western Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2017)OBJECTIVE: We compared the impact and costs of HIV prevention strategies focusing on youth (15-24 year-old persons) versus on adults (15+ year-old persons), in a high-HIV burden context of a large generalized ... -
Understanding patterns of injury in Kenya: analysis of a trauma registry data from a National Referral hospital.
(2017)BACKGROUND: Injuries contribute to a substantial proportion of the burden of disease in Kenya. Trauma registries can be a very useful source of data to understand patterns of injuries and serve to provide information ...
