Faculty of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine (FAg / FVM): Recent submissions

Now showing items 4901-4920 of 5481

    • Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Estuarine Fish from the Athi River, Kenya 

      Mugachia, J C; Kanja, L W; Maitho, T E (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1992)
      Organochlorine compounds such as DDT, lindane and aldrin are agricultural and public health pesticides that persist in the environment and accumulate in fatty tissues of living organisms. In Kenya, the chemicals were widely ...

    • The socio-economic impact of important camel diseases as perceived by a pastoralist community in Kenya 

      Mochabo, M.O.K; Kitala, P.M; Gathura, P.B; Ogara, W.O; Eregae, E.M; Kaitho, T.O; Catley, A (KARl-Trypanosomiasis Research Centre (KARI-TRC),Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and ToxicologyVeterinary Department, Turkana District, KenyaCare International KenyaAfrican Union/Inter-African Bureau Animal Resources (AU/ IBAR Community-based Animal Health and Participatory Epidemiology (CAPE) Unit, 2006)
      This paper presents the results of a study conducted in a pastoral community in Kenya using partici¬patory appraisal approaches. The objective of the study was to assess the socio-economic impact of camel trypanosomosis ...

    • Estimation of tsetse challenge and its relationship with trypanosomosis incidence in cattle kept under pastoral production systems in Kenya 

      Bett, B; Irungu, P; Nyamwaro, S.O; Murilla, G; Kitala, P; Gathuma, J; Randolph, T.F; McDermott, J (ElsevierTrypanosomiasis Research Centre, Kenya Agricultural Research Institute,International Livestock Research Institute,Department of Agricultural Economics, University of Nairobi,Department of Public Health Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi,, 2008)
      In an on-farm trial conducted amongst the Maasai pastoralists in Nkuruman and Nkineji areas of Kenya between April 2004 and August 2005 designed to evaluate the effectiveness of a synthetic tsetse repellent technology, we ...

    • First reported case of fatal tuberculosis in a wild African elephant with past human–wildlife contact 

      Obanda, V; Alasaad, S; Soriguer, R C; Omondi, P; Gakuya, F; Makumi, J; Waititu, K; Ngotho, M; Mulei, I; Yongo, M; Poghon, J (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2013)
      Tuberculosis is emerging/re-emerging in captive elephant populations, where it causes morbidity and deaths, although no case of TB in wild African elephants has been reported. In this paper we report the first case of ...

    • Estimating seroprevalence and variation to four tick-borne infections and determination of associated risk factors in cattle under traditional mixed farming system in Mbeere District, Kenya 

      Gachohia, J.M.; Ngumi, P.N; Kitala, P.M; Skiltone, R.A (ElsevierInternational Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Old Naivasha Rd, Kabete,Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Center, Muguga,Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Veterinary Research Center, Muguga,Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi,Biosciences Eastern and Central Africa (BecA) – ILRI Hub, Old Naivasha Rd, Kabete,, 2010)
      A cross-sectional study of serum antibody responses of cattle to tick-borne disease (TBD) parasites (Theileria parva, Theileria mutans, Anaplasma marginale and Babesia bigemina) was conducted on traditional smallholder ...

    • The Effects of a Single Cervical Inoculation of Chlamydia trachomatis on the Female Reproductive Tract of the Baboon (Papio anubis) 

      Bell, J D; Bergin, I L; Harris, L H; Patton, D L; Aronoff, D M; Kiulia, N; Zochowski, M K; LeBar, W; Vahratian, A; Chai, D; Mullei, I; Mwenda, J; Dalton, V K (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2011-11)
      Background.The baboon (Papio hamadryas anubis) can be transcervically instrumented, facilitating studies of intrauterine contraception and reproductive tract infection. We sought to determine if the baboon could become ...

    • Cytochrome P450 3A mRNA expression along goat and rat gastrointestinal tracts 

      Mureithi, Dominic; Darwish, Wageh Sobhy; Ikenaka, Yoshinori; Kanja, Laetitia W (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2012)
      The cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A family is involved in the elimination processes of almost 50% of commonly used drugs. CYP3A mRNA expressions in goat and rat gastrointestinal tracts in comparison to the liver were investigated ...

    • Organochiorine Pesticides in Swine Tissues from Abattoir Material Collected in Nairobi, Kenya 

      Kotonya, R; Mutungi, G M; Kanja, L W (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1994)
      Subsequent to the discovery of DDT in the early 40's, other organochlorine pesticides have been introduced. These compounds generally resist microbial and chemical degradation and therefore persist in the environment. ...

    • UniPron is A Fully Effective Non-hormonal Reversible Contraceptive in Baboon Model (Papio Anubis) 

      Obiero, J A; Mburu, M N; Ndung’u, B M; Waititu, K K; Mulei, I; Farah, I O; Mwethera, P G (Department of Reproductive Health and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Primate Research, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2008-06)
      Objective To determine the safety and efficacy of UniPron as a reversible contraceptive. Methods Vaginal swabs were obtained before and after UniPron administration, cultured onto appropriate culture media and bacteria ...

    • Prevalence of tick-borne infections in extensive cattle management system in West Pokot District, Kenya. 

      Kipronoh, K.A; Gathuma, J.M; Kitala, P.M; Kiara, H.K (Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, RRC-Perkerra,International Livestock Research Institute,Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 2011)
      A study was conducted in West Pokot District, Kenya to obtain baseline data on the epidemiology of tick-borne diseases in cattle under extensive management. A total of 197 serum T. parva, A. marginale, and B. bigemina ...

    • Prevalence of haemoparasites infection in indigenous chicken in Eastern Province of Kenya 

      Sabuni, Z A; Mbuthia, P G; Maingi, N; Nyaga, P N; Njagi, L W; Bebora, L C; Michieka, J N (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2011)
      Indigenous chickens constitute over 81% of poultry in Kenya and produce 71% of eggs and poultry meat. Ecto- and haemoparasites limit production of these birds in the rural areas. However, there exists scanty information ...

    • Prevalence of ectoparasites infestation in indigenous free-ranging village chickens in different agroecological zones in Kenya 

      Sabuni, Z A; Mbuthia, P G; Maingi, N; Nyaga, P N; Njagi, L W; Bebora, L C; Michieka, J N (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2011)
      Ectoparasitism is an important factor associated with poor production of village indigenous chickens. A cross-sectional study was carried out to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites in free ranging indigenous chicken ...

    • Comparison of African swine fever virus prevalence and risk in two contrasting pig-farming systems in South-west and Central Kenya 

      Okotha, E; Gallardob, C; Macharia, J.M; Omorea, A; Pelayob, V; Bulimoe, D.W; Arias, M; Kitala, P; Baboon, K; Lekolold, I; Mijeled, D; Bishop, R.P (ElsevierInternational Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Crta Algete el Casar s/n, 28130 Valdeolmos, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Veterinary Services, Ministry of livestock Development, Ministry of Livestock,Kenya Wildlife Services,The University of Nairobi,, 2012)
      We describe a horizontal survey of African swine fever virus (ASFV) prevalence and risk factors associated with virus infection in domestic pigs in two contrasting production systems in Kenya. A free range/tethering, low ...

    • Detection and Prevention of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Communities with High Poultry Disease Burdens 

      Cardona, C J; Byarugaba, D; Mbuthia, P; Aning, G; Sourou, S; Bunn, D A; Msoffe, P L (American Association of Avian PathologistsDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      The implementation of strategies to detect, prevent, and control highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in developing countries presents several challenges, one of which is the presence of other diseases in poultry ...

    • Effects of graded doses of the pesticide heptachlor on body weight, mating success, oestrous cycle, gestation length and litter size in laboratory rats 

      Oduma, J A; Wango, E O; Makawiti, D W; Einer-Jensen, N (Reproductive Biology Unit, University of Nairobi,Department of Biochemistry, University of Nairobi,Department of Veterinary Anatomy, University of Nairobi,, 1995)
      Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with 5 or 20 mg/kg body weight heptachlor solution every other day for up to 18 days. They were weighed every day and the stage of oestrus determined by vaginal smears. One ...

    • Prevalence of Newcastle disease virus in village indigenous chickens in varied agro-ecological zones in Kenya 

      Njagi, L W; Nyaga, P N; Mbuthia, P G; Bebora, L C; Michieka, J N; Kibe, J K; Minga, U M (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      It was hypothesized that the agro-ecological zone in which village indigenous chickens were farmed influenced the level of diseases occurrence. One hundred and forty four apparently healthy chickens (71 from lower highland ...

    • Detection and Prevention of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Communities with High Poultry Disease Burdens 

      Cardona, C J; Byarugaba, D; Mbuthia, P; Aning, G; Sourou, S; Bunn, D A; Msoffe, P L (American Association of Avian PathologistsDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      The implementation of strategies to detect, prevent, and control highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in developing countries presents several challenges, one of which is the presence of other diseases in poultry ...

    • Epidemiology of East Coast fever (Theileria parva infection) in Kenya: past, present and the future 

      Gachohi, John; Skilton, Rob; Hansen, Frank; Ngumi, Priscilla; Kitala, Philip (BioMed CentralKenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research CenterDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of VeterinaryInternational Livestock Research Institute (ILRI),, 2012)
      In this article, we review the epidemiology of East Coast fever (ECF), a tick-borne infection of cattle, in Kenya. The major factors associated with epidemiology of ECF include the agro-ecological zone (AEZ), livestock ...

    • Partial purification of a putative membrane bound androgen binding protein in the dog cauda epididymis 

      Oduma, J. A.; Waindi, E. N.; Gombe, S.; Wango, E. O. (Reproductive Biology Unit, University of Nairobi,, 1994)
      I. An androgen binding protein(s) has been partially purified from cell plasma membranes of dog epididymides. 2. The protein(s) has a pI of 5.3 and an association constant of (l.l3 x 109 M-1). 3. Conclusive demonstration ...

    • Population attributable fractions of farm vector tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) presence on Theileria parva infection seroprevalence under endemic instability 

      Gachohia, J.M; Kitala, P.M; Ngumi, P.N; Skiltone, R.A; Betta, B (ElsevierInternational Livestock Research Institute (ILRI)Kenya Agricultural Research Institute, Trypanosomiasis Research Center, MugugaDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of NairobiBiosciences Eastern and Central Africa (BecA) – ILRI Hub, Old Naivasha Rd, Kabete, 2013)
      The primary objective of this study was to assess the impact of Rhipicephalus appendiculatus tick presence (exposure variable) on Theileria parva infection seroprevalence (outcome variable) in a group of cattle belonging ...