Faculty of Agriculture & Veterinary Medicine (FAg / FVM): Recent submissions

Now showing items 4881-4900 of 5481

    • The pharmacokinetics of pyrethrins in lactating and non-lactating ewes after oral and subcutaneous administration 

      Mbaria, JM; Mitema, ES; Maitho, TE (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Vetcrinary Medicinc, 2009)
      Pyrethrins were administered orally and subcutaneously (SC) at 150 mg/kg body weight to 10 lactating and non-lactating ewes in a cross over experimental design. A gas chromatographic method was used for analysis of Pyre-thrins ...

    • Constraints to production, disease perceptions and ticks and helminths control practices on dairy cattle farms in Nyandarua District, Kenya. 

      Maingi, N; Njoroge, G K (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      A cross-sectional survey was undertaken on 240 dairy cattle farms in Nyandarua District in central Kenya to determine farm characteristics, farmer’s perception of production constraints and diseases and the prevalence ...

    • Comparison of human immune responses to purified vero cell and human diploid cell rabies vaccines by using two different antibody titration methods 

      Kitala, Philip M; Lindqvist, Kare J; Koimett, Ezekiel; Johnson, Bruce K; Chunge, Charles N; Perrin, Pascal; Olsvik, 0rjan (Department oj Public Health, Pharmacologv and Toxicology, Facility oj Veterinary MedicineVirus Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute, NairobiDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, The Norwegian College oj Veterinary Medicine, 1990)
      Antibody responses to a conventional rabies preexposure regimen of a new purified Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV) and a human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV) were compared in 80 healthy Kenyan veterinary students. Forty-three ...

    • Long-term performance of electronic identification devices and model traceability system for cattle under pastoral production systems of Kenya. 

      Ogara, W; Gathuma, J M; Maingi, N; Muchemi, G; Maritim, W; Matete, G O (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      The readability of two different types of electronic identifiers (EID) were evaluated under pastoral production system in North-Eastern Kenya. Physical verification and reading was done at day 0, and 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12 ...

    • Institutional and organisational requirements for implementing the Livestock Identification and Traceability System in Kenya. 

      Moenga, B; Matete, G O; Gathuma, J M; Muchemi, G; Ogara, W; Maingi, N; Maritim, W (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010)
      Livestock Identification and Traceability Systems (LITS) contribute to reduction, control or eliminated safety scares that result from transbounadry diseases outbreaks. Recent studies on LITS in Kenya have been focused ...

    • Features of dog ecology relevant to rabies spread in Machakos district, Kenya. 

      Kitala, P.M; Mcdermott, J.J; Kyule, M.N; Cathuma, J.M (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 1993)
      A random sample of households in Machakos District of Kenya was surveyed using personal interviews to determine features of dog ecology relevant to the spread of rabies. A mean of 1,35 dogs/household, a dog to person ratio ...

    • Design and development of an electronic identification and traceability system for cattle under pastoral production systems: A case for Kenya. 

      Matete, G O; Maingi, N; Muchemi, G; Gathuma, J M (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of NairobiDepartment of Public Health Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2010)
      Traceability systems offer strong incentives to livestock and meat exporting countries by altering their productive and industrial processes in order to access premium meat markets globally. Kenya, whilst acknowledged ...

    • Characteristics of the smallholder free-range pig production system in western Kenya. Tropical Animal Health and Production 

      Karuga, J W; Ng’ang’a, J C; Githigia, S M; Maingi, N; Kanyari, P W N; Kagira, J M (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2009-11)
      Free-range pig farming is common amongst the small-scale farmers in western Kenya. In order to determine the characteristics of this type of production system, a cross-sectional questionnaire survey on farm characteristics ...

    • Investigation of rabies incidence and control by active surveillance in Machakos district, Kenya 

      Kitala, P.M; McDermott, J.J; Kyule, M.N; Matere, C N (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 1994)
      Rabies has been reponed in Kenya since 1912 (Hudson. 1944) but is now considered to be more widespread and prevalent than at any time in its history. Control measures, have not controlled canine rabies as in the developed ...

    • Organochlorine pesticides in human milk from different areas of Kenya 1983-1985 

      Inger Nafstad, Janneche Utne Skare; Maitai, Charles K; Lokken, Per (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1986)
      Pesticide residues in human milk were first reported in 1951 by Laug et aI., who found that the milk from normal and healthy black American women contained considerable amounts of the organochlorine insecticide DDT. Since ...

    • The effects of anthelmintic treatments against gastrointestinal nematodes on the performance of breeding ewes and lambs on pasture in semi-arid Kenya 

      Munyua, W K; Kanyari, P W N; Maingi, N; Ng’ang’a, C J (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2008)
      The effects of anthelmintics treatments in controlling gastrointestinal nematodes in breeding ewes in a semi-arid area of Kenya were determined. The study carried out during two breeding seasons, between June 2000 and ...

    • Transmission dynamics of dog rabies in Machakos district, Kenya 

      Kitala, P; McDermott, J; Dye, C (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary, 1997)
      Rabies is still prevalent in most parts of the developing WOrld, with approximately 4 million people in Asia, Africa, and South America receiving post-exposure treatment and over 30 000 dying after being bitten by rabid ...

    • Community-based active surveillance for rabies In Machakos District, Kenya 

      Kitala, P.M; McDermotta, J.J; Kyule, M.N; Gathuma, J.M (ElsevierDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of NairobiDepartment of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON. Canada, 2000)
      The rabies problem in Kenya has been greatest in Machakos District where the disease has persisted endemically for over 40 years. This paper presents the results of a one-year community¬based active surveillance for rabies ...

    • The prevalence of gastro-intestinal parasites in goats in urban and peri-urban areas of Mwanza City, Tanzania 

      Kagira, J M; Kanyari, P W N; Mhoma, J R L (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2011-12)
      Gastrointestinal parasites are among the major causes of severe losses to livestock industry worldwide, especially in small ruminants. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites ...

    • Occurrence of risk factors for zoonoses in kisumu city, kenya: a questionnaire survey 

      Kanyari, P W; Kagira, J M (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2010-03)
      Objective: To determine the occurrence of risk factors amongst farmers keeping livestock in Kisumu municipality, Kenya. Methods: Thirty four contact house-holds involved in livestock keeping constituted the study group. ...

    • Dog ecology and demography information to support the planning of rabies control in Machakos District, Kenya 

      Kitala, Philip; McDermott, John; Kyule, Moses; Gathuma, Joseph; Perry, Brian; Wandeler, Alexander (ElsevierDepartment of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi,Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ont., CanadaInternational Livestock Research Institute (ILRI),Rabies Unit, Animal Diseases Research Institute, 3851 Fallowfield Road, Nepean, Ont., Canada, K2H 8P9, 2001)
      A study of 150 dog-owning households from six randomly selected sublocations was conducted in Machakos District, Kenya. Initially, all households were visited to collect information on dog ecology and demography based on ...

    • Cytotoxicity of antimalarial plant extracts from Kenyan biodiversity to the brine shrimp, Artemia salina L. (Artemiidae) 

      Nguta, J M; Kiama, S G; Kabasa, J D; Gathumbi, P K; Mbaria, J M; Gakuya, D W (Department of Clinical Studies, University of NairobiDepartment of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of NairobiDepartment of Public Health Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 2012)
      Artemia salina (Artemiidae), the brine shrimp larva, is an invertebrate used in the alternative test to determine toxicity of chemicals and natural products. In this study the medium lethal concentration fifty (LC50 ...

    • Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Fish from Lake Naivasha and Tana River, Kenya 

      Mugachia, J C; Kanja, L; Gitau, F (Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, 1992)
      Organochlorine pesticides such as DDT, dieldrin and lindane are pesticides used in agriculture and public health. The chemicals persist in the environment and accumulate in fatty tissues of living organisms. Toxicity of ...

    • Biological screening of Kenya medicinal plants using Artemia Sali na L. (Artemiidae). 

      Kiama, S G; Gathumbi, P K; Gakuya, D W; Mbaria, J M; Nguta, J M; Kabasa, J D (Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology & Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Nairobi, 2011)
      Medicinal plants constitute important components of flora and are widely distributed in different regions of Kenya. Based on ethnopharmacological significance, we collected several medicinal plants from South Coast, Kenya ...

    • Comparison of vaccination strategies for the control of dog rabies in Machakos District, Kenya 

      KItala, P. M; MacDermott, J.J; Coleman, P.G; Dye, C (Department of Public Health. Pharmacology and Toxicology. Unioersity of Nairobi'Department of Population Medicine, University a/Guelph. Guelph ON. N1G 2W/. Canada :< InternationalWorld Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, 2002)
      Demographic and epidemiological field data were u .ed in a deterministic model to describe dog rabies transmission in Machak os District, Kenya and to predict the impact of potential vaccination strategies for its control. ...