Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions

Now showing items 10401-10418 of 10418

    • Studies of a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine candidate based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) with and without DNA priming: Effects of dosage and route on safety and immunogenicity 

      Peters, Barry S.; Jaoko, Walter; Vardas, Eftyhia; Panayotakopoulos, George; Fast, Patricia; Schmidt, Claudia; Gilmour, Jill; Bogoshi, Mampedi; Omosa-Manyonyi, Gloria; Dally, Len; Klavinskis, Linda; Farah, Bashir; Tarragona, Tony; Bart, Pierre-Alexandre; Robinson, Andrew; Pieterse, Colleen; Stevens, Wendy; Thomas, Richard; Barin, Burc; McMichael, Andrew J.; McIntyre, James A.; Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Hanke, Tom´aˇs; Bwayo, JJ (2007)
      Background: Two parallel studies evaluated safety and immunogenicity of a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine in 192 HIV-seronegative, low-risk volunteers. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and plasmid DNA (pTHr) expressed HIV-1 ...

    • Standardization of cytokine flow cytometry assays 

      Maecker, Holden T; Rinfret, Aline; D'Souza, Patricia; Darden, Janice; Roig, Eva; Landry, Claire; Hayes, Peter; Birungi, Josephine; Anzala, Omu; Garcia, Miguel; Harari, Alexandre; Frank, Ian; Baydo, Ruth; Baker, Megan; Holbrook, Jennifer; Ottinger, Janet; Lamoreaux, Laurie; Epling, C Lorrie; Sinclair, Elizabeth; Suni, Maria A; Punt, Kara; Calarota, Sandra; El-Bahi, Sophia; Alter, Gailet; Maila, Hazel; Kuta, Ellen; Cox, Josephine; Gray, Clive; Altfeld, Marcus; Nougarede, Nolwenn; Boyer, Jean; Tussey, Lynda; Tobery, Timothy; Bredt, Barry; Roederer, Mario; Koup, Richard; Maino, Vernon C; Weinhold, Kent; Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Gilmour, Jill; Horton, Helen; Sekaly, Rafick P (2005)
      Background: Cytokine flow cytometry (CFC) or intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) can quantitate antigen-specific T cell responses in settings such as experimental vaccination. Standardization of ICS among laboratories ...

    • Conjunctival normal flora at Kenyatta National Hospital and Kikuyu Eye Unit, Kenya 

      Jafferji, SS; Ilako, D R; Kollmann, K HM; Kariuki, M M; Schaller, UC (2007-08)
      Objective: To determine the spectrum of normal bacterial flora inhabiting the normal conjunctiva. Design: Retrospective study Setting: University of Nairobi, Microbiology laboratory and Kikuyu Eye Unit Subjects: ...

    • CLSI-derived hematology and biochemistry reference intervals for healthy adults in Eastern and Southern Africa 

      Karita, Etienne; Ketter, Nzeera; Price, Matt A.; Kayitenkore, Kayitesi; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Nanvubya, Annet; Anzala, Omu; Jaoko, Walter; Mutua, Gaudensia; Ruzagira, Eugene; Mulenga, Joseph; Sanders, Eduard J.; Mwangome, Mary; Allen, Susan; Bwanika, Agnes; Bahemuka, Ubaldo; Awuondo, Ken; Omosa, Gloria; Farah, Bashir; Amornkul, Pauli; Birungi, Josephine; Yates, Sarah; Stoll-Johnson, Lisa; Gilmour, Jill; Stevens, Gwynn; Shutes, Erin; Manigart, Olivier; Hughes, Peter; Dally, Len; Scott, Janet; Stevens, Wendy; Fast, Pat; Kamali, Anatoli (2009)
      Clinical laboratory reference intervals have not been established in many African countries, and non-local intervals are commonly used in clinical trials to screen and monitor adverse events (AEs) among African participants. ...

    • The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of coagulase negative staphylococci; a major ocular normal flora 

      Jafferji, S S; Ilako, D R; Kollmann, K H M; Kariuki, M M; Schaller, U C (2007-11)
      Objective: To describe the changing drug sensitivity patterns for Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CNS), the most commonly isolated bacteria of the conjunctival normal flora Design: Descriptive retrospective study Setting: ...

    • What impact would an HIV/AIDS vaccine have on the HIV/AIDS epidemic in Kenya? 

      Anzala, Omu; Mutua, Gaudensia Nzembi; Oyugi, Fredrick Jack Odia; Mohamed, Bashir Farah; Achia, Thomas; Stover, John (2012)
      Objective: To estimate the potential impact of an HIV/AIDS Vaccine in Kenya. Design: The Kenyan HIV/AIDS epidemic was modeled using the most current data from national sources including epidemiology and behavioral surveillance. ...

    • Studies of a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine candidate based on modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) with and without DNA priming 

      Jaoko, Walter; Vardas, E; Panayotakopoulos, G; Fast, P; Schmidt, C; Gilmour, J (2006)
      Background: Two parallel studies evaluated safety and immunogenicity of a prophylactic HIV-1 vaccine in 192 HIV-seronegative, low-risk volunteers. Modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and plasmid DNA (pTHr) expressed HIV-1 ...

    • The antibiotic sensitivity pattern of s. aureus; an ocular normal fl ora 

      Jafferji, S S; Ilako, D R; Kollmann, K H M; Kariuki, M M; Schaller, U C (2008-11)
      Objective: To determine the changing of drug sensitivity patterns for s. aureas as the second commonest bacteria of the conjunctival normal fl ora in Nairobi, Kenya Design: Descriptive retrospective study Setting: ...

    • Resistance of klebsiella species Isolates from two Institutions in Nairobi, Kenya, to commonly Prescribed Antimicrobial Agents 

      BURURIA, J.M.; KINYANJUI, P.N; WAIYAKI, P.G; KARIUKI, S.M. (2007)
      Klebsiella species isolates collected from the Kenyatta National Hospital and the Centre for Microbiology Research of the Kenya Medical Research Institute in Nairobi, Kenya were identified and screened for resistance to ...

    • Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR assay to measure HIV-specific mucosal CD8+ T Cell responses in the cervix 

      Chege, Duncan; Chai, Yijie; Huibner, Sanja; McKinnon, Lyle; Wachihi, Charles; Kimani, Makubo; Jaoko Walter G.; Kimani, Joshua; Ball, T. Blake; Plummer, Francis A.; Kaul, Rupert; Rebbapragada, Anuradha (2010)
      Several candidate HIV vaccines aim to induce virus-specific cellular immunity particularly in the genital tract, typically the initial site of HIV acquisition. However, standardized and sensitive methods for evaluating ...

    • Temporal analysis of HIV envelope sequence evolution and antibody escape in a subtype A-infected individual with a broad neutralizing antibody response 

      Bosch, Katherine A.; Rainwater, Stephanie; Jaoko Walter G.; Overbaugh, Julie (2009)
      The origin of broadly neutralizing HIV-specific antibodies and their relation to HIV evolution are not well defined. Here we examined virus evolution and neutralizing antibody escape in a subtype A infected individual ...

    • Baseline Morbidity in 2,990 Adult African Volunteers Recruited to Characterize Laboratory Reference Intervals for Future HIV Vaccine Clinical Trials 

      Stevens, Wendy; Kamali, Anatoli; Karita, Etienne; Anzala, Omu; Sanders, Eduard J.; Jaoko, Walter; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Mulenga, Joseph; Dally, Len; Fast, Pat; Gilmour, Jill; Farah, Bashir; Josephine, Josephine; Hughes, Peter; Manigart, Olivier; Stevens, Gwynn; Yates, Sarah; Thomson, Helen; Lieven, Andrea von; Krebs, Marietta; Price, Matt A.; Stoll-Johnson, Lisa; Ketter, Nzeera (2008-04)
      Background: An understanding of the health of potential volunteers in Africa is essential for the safe and efficient conduct of clinical trials, particularly for trials of preventive technologies such as vaccines that ...

    • Genital inflammation predicts HIV-1 shedding independent of plasma viral load and systemic inflammation 

      Blish, Catherine A.; McClelland, R. Scott; Richardson, Barbra A; Jaoko Walter G.; Mandaliya, Kishorchandra; Baeten, Jared M; Overbaugh, Julie (2012)
      In women, genital HIV-1 RNA levels predict the risk of HIV-1 transmission independent of plasma viral load. To better understand the factors that contribute to genital HIV-1 shedding, we evaluated the relationships ...

    • Analysis of treatment methods for victims of torture in Kenya and East Africa 

      Pokhariyal, Ganesh P.; Rono, Ruthie; Munywoki, Samson; School of Mathematics, University of Nairobi (Sage, 2012)
      In this article, a comparative study of multisensory trauma processing (MTP) and conventional treatment (CT) on victims of torture (VOTs) for Kenyan citizens and refugees from East African Region has been undertaken. Kenyan ...

    • East African Orthopaedic Journal 

      Gakuu, L.N Prof. (Chief Editor) (African Journal Online, 2007)
      The aim of the journal is to give orthopedic surgeons, technologists and other personnel within the orthopedic specialty a forum of diverging their research findings to the rest of the world. The journal comprises of ...

    • East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 

      Maitai, C.K Prof. (Chief Editor); School of Pharmacy, University of Nairobi (University of Nairobi, School of Pharmacy, 2002)
      The East and Central African Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences is dedicated to all aspects of Pharmaceutical Sciences research and is published in English. The scientific papers published in the Journal fall into three ...

    • Increased risk of genital ulcer disease in women during the first month after initiating antiretroviral therapy 

      Graham, Susan M; Masese, Linnet; Gitau, Ruth; Mwakangalu, Dickson; Jaoko Walter G.; Ndinya-Achola, JO; Mandaliya, Kishor;
      Genital ulcer disease (GUD) is common in HIV-1-infected women, and a small number of stu dies have suggested increased GUD risk after antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation. To better define this risk, we monitored 134 ...

    • Potentiation of uterine stimulatory action of Adenia glohosa Engl. by oxytocin in vitro 

      Sinei, KA; Mwangi, JW; Achola, KJ; Munenge, RW; Mwaura, AM
      The effect of aqueous extract of the tuber of Adenia globosa on the isolated preparation of the rat uterus was determined. The crude drug caused a dose-dependent contraction of the tissue preparation. This action was ...