Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 1541-1560 of 10417
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A 15-year study of the impact of community antiretroviral therapy coverage on HIV incidence in Kenyan female sex workers.
(University of Nairobi, 2015-07)OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that increasing community antiretroviral therapy (ART) coverage would be associated with lower HIV incidence in female sex workers (FSWs) in Mombasa District, Kenya. DESIGN: Prospective ... -
A phase I double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized study of the safety and immunogenicity of electroporated HIV DNA with or without interleukin 12 in prime-boost combinations with an Ad35 hiv vaccine in healthy hiv-seronegative African Adults.
(University of Nairobi, 2015-08)BACKGROUND: Strategies to enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccines in humans include i) co-administration of molecular adjuvants, ii) intramuscular administration followed by in vivo electroporation (IM/EP) and/or ... -
Factors associated with uncontrolled hypertension among renal transplant recipients attending nephrology clinics in Nairobi, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Objective. To determine the factors associated with poor blood pressure control among renal transplant recipients in a resource-limited setting. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out on renal transplant recipients ... -
Knowledge on HPV vaccine and cervical cancer facilitates vaccine acceptability among school teachers in Kitui County, Kenya.
(University of Nairobi, 2015-08-12)Background Vaccines against human papillomavirus (HPV) infection have the potential to reduce the burden of cervical cancer. School-based delivery of HPV vaccines is cost-effective and suc- cessful uptake depends on ... -
Immunohistochemical localization of anterior pituitary cell types of vervet monkey (Chlorocebus aethiops) following sub-chronic cathinone exposure.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Khat (Catha edulis) contains cathinone, an active principal that is customarily used as a psychostimulant that wards off fatigue and to some extent used as an aphrodisiac. AIM OF ... -
Factors influencing uptake of contraceptive implants in the immediate postpartum period among HIV infected and uninfected women at two Kenyan District Hospitals.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)BACKGROUND: Family planning is a cost effective strategy for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV and reduction of maternal/infant morbidity and mortality. Contraceptive implants are a safe, effective, long ... -
HIV-1 protease inhibitor drug resistance in Kenyan antiretroviral treatment-naive and -experienced injection drug users and non-drug users.
(University of Nairobi, 2015)BACKGROUND: Although injection drug use drives antiretroviral drug resistance, the prevalence of protease inhibitor (PI) resistance among Kenyan IDUs remains undetermined. We, therefore, explored PI resistance mutations ... -
Water access and sustainable rural livelihoods: A c ase of Elementaita Division in Nakuru County, Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015-01-12)This study assessed water factors that impact susta inable rural livelihoods in Elementaita Division, N akuru County. Problem of water access remains a multi-million cha llenge for families in rural areas and this had ... -
Determinants of quality of life among gynaecological cancer patients on follow up at a referral Hospital in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015-06-08)Various factors influence the quality of life (QOL) in cancer patients. This study sought to determine the predictors and factors associated with quality of life among g ynaecological cancer patients on ... -
High fluoride levels in some Kenyan beverages: a health risk.
(University of Nairobi, 1990)A cross section of 93 Kenyan products were analysed for fluoride levels using an F ion-specific electrode. The beverages consisted of 6 pure fruit juices, 25 "ready to drink" fruit juices, 11 "concentrated" fruit juices, ... -
The development of the secondary palate: update on concepts and mechanisms.
(University of Nairobi, 1993)Facial cleft is of multifactorial aetiology, and primary prevention will depend upon a thorough understanding of the developmental mechanisms involved and how they may be disturbed in cleft palate. It is therefore imperative ... -
Ensuring quality of services in HIV prevention research settings: findings from a multi-center quality improvement pilot in East Africa
(University of Nairobi, 2010)Quality improvement (QI) has been widely implemented in health services but has not been widely applied in HIV prevention research. Most prevention research centers have commonly employed traditional approaches (e.g., ... -
Molecular characterization of human parainfluenza virus type 1 in infants attending Mbagathi district hospital, Nairobi, Kenya: a retrospective study
(University of Nairobi, 2013-12)Human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV-1), a paramyxovirus, is a leading cause of pediatric respiratory hospitalizations globally. Currently, there is no clinically successful vaccine against HPIV-1. Hence, there is a need ... -
Socio-economic determinants of disease progression among HIV infected adults in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Background Socioeconomic determinants have been shown to have an effect on the progression of HIV disease evidenced by studies carried out largely in developed countries. Knowledge of these factors could inform on ... -
Home-based HIV testing for men preferred over clinic-based testing by pregnant women and their male partners, a nested cross-sectional study
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Background Male partner HIV testing and counseling (HTC) is associated with enhanced uptake of prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT), yet male HTC during pregnancy remains low. Identifying settings ... -
Design of a study to determine the impact of insecticide resistance on malaria vector control: a multi-country investigation
(University of Nairobi, 2015-07)Background Progress in reducing the malaria disease burden through the substantial scale up of insecticide-based vector control in recent years could be reversed by the widespread emergence of insecticide resistance. ... -
STDSIM: A Microsimulation Model for Decision Support in STD Control
(University of Nairobi, 1998)STDSIM is a dynamic stochastic simulation model for decision support in attempts to control sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). It describes the mechanisms responsible for the transmission of five STDs, including HIV/AIDS, ... -
From home deliveries to health care facilities: establishing a traditional birth attendant referral program in Kenya
(University of Nairobi, 2015)Objective To assess the effectiveness of a traditional birth attendant (TBA) referral program on increasing the number of deliveries overseen by skilled birth attendants (SBA) in rural Kenyan health facilities before ... -
WinFood data from Kenya and Cambodia: Constraints on field procedures
(University of Nairobi, 2014)Background The prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is lauded as one of the more successful HIV prevention measures. However, despite some gains in the prevention of mother-to-child ...
