Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 9381-9400 of 10418
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Lack of correlation of maternal human immunodeficiency virus infection with neonatal malformations
(1989-10)A malformation syndrome has been proposed in infants with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex secondary to congenital infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) ... -
Pain--an African perspective.
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,, 1986) -
Etiology of Persistent Tubo-Ovarian Abscess in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Medical Microbiology, 2003)Objective To study the microbial etiology of tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA). Methods We recruited 11 women in Nairobi, Kenya who failed antibiotic therapy alone and required surgical drainage of a presumptive TOA. Pus from ... -
Retrospective seroepidemiology of AIDS virus infection in Nairobi populations
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1987)Among 446 sera from prostitutes in Nairobi, the prevalence of antibody to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rose from 4% in 1981 to 61% in 1985. None of 118 men with chancroid seen in 1980 had antibody to HIV compared ... -
Heterosexual transmission of HIV
(Department of Microbiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerpen, BelgiumDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1987) -
A review of HIV-1 in Africa
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1988)As the AIDS epidemic reaches a dramatic stage of development, the time for African countries to establish effective control programs has come. The history of AIDS in Africa is different from that other regions of the world. ... -
Prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in Africa: effectiveness of condom promotion and health education among prostitutes
(Centre for Microbiology Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, NairobiDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1988)Condom use was assessed after a programme of education about the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and a condom distribution programme in a well-characterised prostitute population in Nairobi. Women received their education ... -
Epidemiologic evidence for the development of serovar-specific immunity after gonococcal infection
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,, 1989)We tested the hypothesis that strain-specific immunity occurs after gonococcal infection in a longitudinal study of 227 prostitutes resident in one small community who experienced frequent gonococcal infections. Women were ... -
HIV infection among lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes in Nairobi
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiCentre for Microbiologic Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, 1990)A cohort of 418 lower socioeconomic strata prostitutes were enrolled in a study of the epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) between January and April 1985. Sixty-two per cent of the women were seropositive ... -
Transition dynamics of HIV disease in a cohort of African prostitutes: a Markov model approach
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaKenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, 1990)The progression of HIV-related disease from infection to death is represented as a staged Markov model. Transitions between stages are considered reversible. The model is fitted to data from a cohort of African prostitutes ... -
Social epidemiology in Africa: slowing the heterosexual transmission of AIDS
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1991)Analyzing why the rate of transmission of AIDS varies widely in Africa is the basis for designing strategies for intervention. Promiscuity, i.e. high rates of sex partner change, is not the only reason for rapid transmission, ... -
Controlling HIV in Africa: effectiveness and cost of an intervention in a high-frequency STD transmitter core group.
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1991)Since 1985, a population of over 1,000 predominantly HIV-positive female prostitutes residing in a low-income area of Nairobi, has been enrolled in a sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV control programme. The major ... -
Condom use prevents genital ulcers in women working as prostitutes. Influence of human immunodeficiency virus infection
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1991)Control of genital ulcer disease (GUD) is a proposed intervention to slow the dissemination of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Programs for the control of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) should focus on ... -
Human immunodeficiency virus infection among high-risk seronegative prostitutes in Nairobi
(Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, SeattleDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,, 1993)To determine the frequency and duration of antibody-negative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among heterosexually exposed African women, 56 HIV-seronegative female prostitutes in Nairobi were studied. Polymerase ... -
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) versus Zidovudine/Nevirapine Effects on Early Breast Milk HIV-1 RNA: A Phase II Randomized Clinical Trial
(Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2008)Background Defining the effect of antiretroviral regimens on breast milk HIV-1 levels is useful to inform the rational design of strategies to decrease perinatal HIV-1 transmission. Methods Pregnant HIV-1 seropositive ... -
Health care-seeking behavior related to the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya, 1994)OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify health-care seeking and related behaviors relevant to controlling sexually transmitted diseases in Kenya. METHODS: A total of 380 patients with sexually transmitted ... -
Rapid progression to disease in African sex workers with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,, 1995)From a cohort of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya, 163 women were observed to seroconvert to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and followed to study progression to HIV-1-related disease. The effect of several ... -
Comparison of the declines in CD4 counts in HIV-1-seropositive female sex workers and women from the general population in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Kenya., 1995)Studies from Kenya have reported rapid clinical disease progression among HIV-infected professional sex workers. The reasons for this rapid decline are unknown. To better understand factors influencing the course of disease, ... -
Focused peer-mediated educational programs among female sex workers to reduce sexually transmitted disease and human immunodeficiency virus transmission in Kenya and Zimbabwe
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Psychology, University of ZimbambweDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 1996)Peer-mediated education programs in Kenya and Zimbabwe focusing on female sex workers for the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have led to increased ... -
Resistance to HIV-1 infection among persistently seronegative prostitutes in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDepartment of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 1996)BACKGROUND: There is indirect evidence that HIV-1 exposure does not inevitably lead to persistent infection. Heterogeneity in susceptibility to infection could be due to protective immunity. The objective of this study ...
