Faculty of Health Sciences (FHS): Recent submissions
Now showing items 9401-9420 of 10418
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Isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults: results of a randomized controlled trial
(Department of Clinical Sciences, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UKClinical Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research InstituteDepartments of Microbiology and Community Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 1997)OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of isoniazid 300 mg daily for 6 months in the prevention of tuberculosis in HIV-1-infected adults and to determine whether tuberculosis preventive therapy prolongs survival in ... -
Cofactors for HIV-1 Incidence during Pregnancy and Postpartum Period
(Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2010)Objectives To estimate HIV-1 incidence and cofactors for HIV-1 incidence during pregnancy and postpartum. Design Retrospective study among women who were HIV seronegative during pregnancy. Methods Mothers ... -
Risk factors for genital ulcerations in Kenyan sex workers. The role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, KenyaDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Departmrnt of infectious Disease, University of Toronto, Canada, 1997)BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Genital ulcer disease (GUD) is a major risk factor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. Cross-sectional studies have suggested that HIV infection may itself predispose to genital ... -
Management of patients with breast cancer at Kenyatta Hospital
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2004-09) -
Stable antenatal HIV-1 seroprevalence with high population mobility and marked seroprevalence variation among sentinel sites within Nairobi, Kenya.
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Kenya.Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada., 1999)Objectives: To monitor and analyse trends in HIV-1 seroprevalence among antenatal women in Nairobi, Kenya. Design: Six sequential surveys were carried out among antenatal clinic attenders at four Nairobi City Council ... -
HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort of HIV-1-resistant Kenyan sex workers
(Department of Medical Microbiology and Community Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, KenyaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Canada,The Cattedra di Immunologia, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, 1999)Objectives: Most HIV-1 transmission is sexual; therefore, immune responses in the genital mucosa may be important in mediating protection against HIV infection. This study examined HIV-1-specific mucosal IgA in a cohort ... -
Post-surgical management of patients with breast cancer at Kenyatta National Hospital
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2002)Objective: To assess post-surgical management of patients with breast cancer at the Kenyatta National Hospital. Design: Retrospective analysis of patients treated for breast carcinoma at Kenyatta National Hospital between ... -
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas at Kenyatta the National Hospital Nairobi in the 1990's
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2004-09)OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinico-pathologic and prognostic factors, treatment and outcome of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas as seen at the Kenyatta National Hospital in the 1990s. DESIGN: Retrospective study of patients with ... -
Acute sexually transmitted infections increase human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plasma viremia, increase plasma type 2 cytokines, and decrease CD4 cell counts
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, CanadaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, 2000)In Kenya, the median incubation time to AIDS in seroconverting sex workers is 4 years; this incubation time is specific to female sex workers.We studied the influence of acute sexually transmitted infections (STIs) on ... -
Hodgkin's lymphoma in the 1990s: a Kenyatta National Hospital experience
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2005-02)OBJECTIVE: To re-evaluate clinico-pathologic categorisation of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma, treatments offered and their appropriateness, and outcome of this disease at Kenyatta National Hospital in the 1990s. DESIGN: ... -
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of monthly azithromycin prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections and HIV-1 in Kenyan sex workers: study design and baseline findings
(International Center for Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University, Belgium.Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiDepartment of Public Health, Nairobi City CouncilDepartment of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, 2000)Our objectives were to describe the baseline findings of a trial of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV-1 in a cohort of Nairobi female sex workers (FSWs). A questionnaire was ... -
Public health. Reducing HIV transmission in developing countries
(World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.Departments of Medical Microbiology, Community Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3E 0W3.Department of Public Health, University of Rotterdam, Rotterdam, and National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.National AIDS Control Organization, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, New Delhi, IndiaNational Microbiology Laboratory, Health Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada, 2001)The global response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic, which has already infected more than 50 million people, has been inadequate, particularly in the developing world. In many countries, blood screening was delayed, partly because ... -
Sexually transmitted infections and vaginal douching in a population of female sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of NairobiInternational Centre for Reproductive Health, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2001)Objectives: To assess the association between vaginal douching and sexually transmitted infections (STI) among a group of female sex workers (FSWs) in Nairobi, Kenya. Methods: This study was part of a randomised, ... -
Resistance to HIV-1 infection among African sex workers is associated with global hyporesponsiveness in interleukin 4 production.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada R3E 0W3Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,, 2001)We previously identified HIV-1 resistant prostitutes who remain persistently HIV-1 PCR- and antibody-negative despite continued heavy exposure to HIV-1 through sex work. We hypothesized that differences in virus-specific ... -
Reduced HIV risk-taking and low HIV incidence after enrollment and risk-reduction counseling in a sexually transmitted disease prevention trial in Nairobi, Kenya
(Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, 2002)There is an urgent need in sub-Saharan Africa to develop more effective methods of HIV prevention, including improved strategies of sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention or an HIV vaccine. The efficacy of these ... -
CCR5, RANTES, and SDF-1 polymorphisms and mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission
(Department of Paediatrics, 2010)Among 288 HIV-1-infected, breastfeeding women who received zidovudine prophylaxis and were followed with their infants in Nairobi, we found no associations between maternal genetic polymorphisms in CCR5 (59029G/A, 59353T/C, ... -
Response of a sexually transmitted infection epidemic to a treatment and prevention programme in Nairobi, Kenya.
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.Department of Community Health, University of Nairobi,British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada, 2002)Although it seems possible in a developing country context such as Kenya, given appropriate inputs and a sound approach, to shift a sexually transmitted disease (STI) epidemic from phase II to III, it is not entirely clear ... -
Sustained changes in sexual behavior by female sex workers after completion of a randomized HIV prevention trial
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya, 2007)INTRODUCTION: Behavioral interventions in female sex workers (FSWs) are associated with changes in sexual behavior and reduced rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV We examined the sustainability of ... -
Chemotherapy induced myelosuppression
(Department of Medicine. College of Health Sciences. University of Nairobi, 2007-01)OBJECTIVE: To evaluate chemotherapy induced myelosuppression, its management and outcome. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of patients aged 13 years and above. SETTING: Hurlingham Oncology Clinic and the Nairobi Hospital ... -
Human leukocyte antigen-DQ alleles and haplotypes and their associations with resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1 infection
(Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, CanadaDepartment of Community Health, University of Nairobi,Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada,Department of Community Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, United Arab EmiratesMedical Microbiology, Room 507, Basic Medical Sciences Building, 730 William Avenue,, 2008)Objectives: To determine the association of DQ antigens with resistance and susceptibility to HIV-1. Design: Despite repeated exposure to HIV-1, a subset of women in the Pumwani Sex Worker cohort established in Nairobi, ...
